Variation of psychiatric emergencies across seasons in San Diego County

Rollnik, Jens D.; Dimsdale, Joel E.; Ng, Bernardo

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6394(2000)11:1<48::aid-da9>3.0.co;2-2

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Our results closely replicate the findings of previous large studies, which also found increased rates of admissions for mania in the summer, especially in August . It is also in keeping with registry studies describing peaks in depressive symptoms, antidepressants prescriptions or emergency visits for depressions in spring or fall . The excellent agreement of our findings with previous studies shows good face validity of our methods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Controlled studies in the 20th century confirmed seasonal peaks in hospitalizations for mania, mixed episodes, depression but also for schizophrenia . Utilization of services for major psychiatric disorders also varies throughout the year, with seasonal peaks in antidepressant prescriptions, emergency visits, or involuntary admissions . We will call this uneven distribution of hospitalizations throughout the year a cross‐sectional seasonality .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐sectional and within‐subject seasonality and regularity of hospitalizations: A population study in mood disorders and schizophrenia

et al. 2020

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Background Seasonal peaks in hospitalizations for mood disorders and schizophrenia are well recognized and often replicated. The within‐subject tendency to experience illness episodes in the same season, that is, seasonal course, is much less established, as certain individuals may temporarily meet criteria for seasonal course purely by chance. Aims In this population, prospective cohort study, we investigated whether between and within‐subject seasonal patterns of hospitalizations occurred more frequently than would be expected by chance. Methods Using a compulsory, standardized national register of hospitalizations, we analyzed all admissions for mood disorders and schizophrenia in the Czech Republic between 1994 and 2013. We used bootstrap tests to compare the observed numbers of (a) participants with seasonal/regular course and (b) hospitalizations in individual months against empirical distributions obtained by simulations. Results Among 87 184 participants, we found uneven distribution of hospitalizations, with hospitalization peaks for depression in April and November (X2(11) = 363.66, P < .001), for mania in August (X2(11) = 50.36, P < .001) and for schizophrenia in June (X2(11) = 70.34, P < .001). Significantly more participants than would be expected by chance, had two subsequent rehospitalizations in the same 90 days in different years (7.36%, bootstrap P < .01) or after a regular, but non‐seasonal interval (6.07%, bootstrap P < .001). The proportion of participants with two consecutive hospitalizations in the same season was below chance level (7.06%). Conclusions Psychiatric hospitalizations were unevenly distributed throughout the year (cross‐sectional seasonality), with evidence for regularity, but not seasonality of hospitalizations within subjects. Our data do not support the validity of seasonal pattern specifier. Season may be a general risk factor, which increases the risk of hospitalizations across psychiatric participants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐sectional and within‐subject seasonality and regularity of hospitalizations: A population study in mood disorders and schizophrenia

et al. 2020

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“…Szabo and Blanche (1995) found more admissions for mood disorder in winter. The remaining five studies in this group found indications of seasonality, but not in winter (Eastwood and Stiasny, 1978; Harris, 1984; Rollnik et al ., 2000; Anastasi et al ., 2014; Dominiak et al ., 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality and symptoms of depression: A systematic review of the literature

Øverland

Woicik

Sikora

et al. 2019

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Lay opinions and published papers alike suggest mood varies with the seasons, commonly framed as higher rates of depression mood in winter. Memory and confirmation bias may have influenced previous studies. We therefore systematically searched for and reviewed studies on the topic, but excluded study designs where explicit referrals to seasonality were included in questions, interviews or data collection. Methods Systematic literature search in Cochrane database, DARE, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO and CINAHL, reporting according to the PRISMA framework, and study quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Two authors independently assessed each study for inclusion and quality assessment. Due to large heterogeneity, we used a descriptive review of the studies. Results Among the 41 included studies, there was great heterogeneity in regards to included symptoms and disorder definitions, operationalisation and measurement. We also observed important heterogeneity in how definitions of ‘seasons’ as well as study design, reporting and quality. This heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis and publication bias analysis. Thirteen of the studies suggested more depression in winter. The remaining studies suggested no seasonal pattern, seasonality outside winter, or inconclusive results. Conclusions The results of this review suggest that the research field of seasonal variations in mood disorders is fragmented, and important questions remain unanswered. There is some support for seasonal variation in clinical depression, but our results contest a general population shift towards lower mood and more sub-threshold symptoms at regular intervals throughout the year. We suggest future research on this issue should be aware of potential bias by design and take into account other biological and behavioural seasonal changes that may nullify or exacerbate any impact on mood.

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“…Both sexes appeared to have a significant spring (May, p < 0.001) peak. Age group analysis showed a significant summer peak (June, p < 0.001) for young adults (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34) and a significant spring peak (April, p < 0.001) for middle-aged adults .…”

Section: Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…With regards to the association between seasonality and mental health, the majority of studies have demonstrated significant associations between seasonality and mental disorders [15][16][17][18][19]; a few studies have shown only minimal and limited seasonal differences or have failed to demonstrate a seasonal pattern [20][21][22]. For severe mental illnesses, most studies have shown a significant spring/summer seasonal pattern [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on the Impact of Seasonality on Severe Mental Illness Admissions: Does Seasonal Variation Affect Coercion?

Rizavas,

Gournellis,

Douzenis

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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Coercion in psychiatry is associated mainly with involuntary admissions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between hospital admissions of patients suffering from affective and schizophrenic disorders and seasonality. A systematic literature search using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar was conducted, including studies with affective and schizophrenia disorder admissions, published from October 1992 to August 2020. A total of 31 studies were included in the review. Four broad severe mental illness admission categories were identified regarding seasonality: affective disorders, schizophrenia disorders, involuntary admission affective disorders and involuntary admission schizophrenia disorders. There was clear and strong evidence for spring and summer peaks for severe mental illness admissions; data provided for age, gender and involuntary admissions was limited. Seasonality may have a significant effect on the onset and exacerbation of psychopathology of severe mental illness and should be considered as a risk factor in psychiatric admissions, violence and the risk of mental health coercion. A better understanding of the impact of seasonality on severe mental illness will help professionals to provide the best practices in mental health services in order to reduce and prevent psychiatric hospitalizations (especially involuntary admissions) resulting in further coercive measures.

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Variation of psychiatric emergencies across seasons in San Diego County

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Cross‐sectional and within‐subject seasonality and regularity of hospitalizations: A population study in mood disorders and schizophrenia

Cross‐sectional and within‐subject seasonality and regularity of hospitalizations: A population study in mood disorders and schizophrenia

Seasonality and symptoms of depression: A systematic review of the literature

A Systematic Review on the Impact of Seasonality on Severe Mental Illness Admissions: Does Seasonal Variation Affect Coercion?

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