Variation of wood density and hydraulic properties of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) clones related to a heat and drought wave in France

Dalla-Salda, Guillermina; Martinez‐Meier, Alejandro; Cochard, Hervé; Rozenberg, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.08.019

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The vulnerability to cavitation can vary significantly for these different structures (Sperry and Tyree, 1990;Mayr and Cochard, 2003) and it is likely that the cavitation mechanism also differs between them (Domec and Gartner, 2002). Because the hydraulic conductivity of latewood and reaction wood tracheids is normally very low, our vulnerability curves should predominantly indicate the vulnerability of the large earlywood tracheids (Dalla-Salda et al, 2009). Hence, the tested mechanisms in our experiments are only relevant for the cavitation of earlywood tracheids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Mechanisms of Water-Stress-Induced Cavitation in Conifers

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cavitation resistance is a key parameter to understand tree drought tolerance but little is known about the mechanisms of air entry into xylem conduits. For conifers three mechanisms have been proposed: (1) a rupture of pit margo microfibrils, (2) a displacement of the pit torus from its normal sealing position over the pit aperture, and (3) a rupture of an air-water menisci in a pore of the pit margo. In this article, we report experimental results on three coniferous species suggesting additional mechanisms. First, when xylem segments were injected with a fluid at a pressure sufficient to aspirate pit tori and well above the pressure for cavitation induction we failed to detect the increase in sample conductance that should have been caused by torus displacement from blocking the pit aperture or by membrane rupture. Second, by injecting xylem samples with different surfactant solutions, we found a linear relation between sample vulnerability to cavitation and fluid surface tension. This suggests that cavitation in conifers could also be provoked by the capillary failure of an air-water meniscus in coherence with the prediction of Young-Laplace's equation. Within the bordered pit membrane, the exact position of this capillary seeding is unknown. The possible Achilles' heel could be the seal between tori and pit walls or holes in the torus. The mechanism of water-stress-induced cavitation in conifers could then be relatively similar to the one currently proposed for angiosperms.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Mechanisms of Water-Stress-Induced Cavitation in Conifers

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…WD has also been reported to vary along elevation and latitudinal gradients, which represent proxies for environmental conditions (Chave et al 2009;Dalla-Salda et al 2009). Clearly, variation in WD across species represents a nexus of various physiological, ecological and environmental interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model‐based meta‐analysis for estimating species‐specific wood density and identifying potential sources of variation

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary1. Plant functional traits are important determinants of survival and fitness, and wood density (WD) is a key trait linked to mechanical stability, growth rates and drought-and shade-tolerance strategies. Thus, rigorous WD estimates are necessary to identify factors affecting tree performance. 2. We obtained 1766 records of WD from the literature for 141 tree species in the United States. We implemented a hierarchical Bayesian (HB) meta-analysis that incorporated sample size, variance, covariate (e.g. moisture content and latewood proportion) and methodological information to obtain standardized estimates of WD for 305 U.S. tree species. The HB framework allowed 'borrowing of strength' between species such that WD estimates for data-poor species were informed by data-rich species via taxonomic or phylogenetic relationships. 3. After accounting for important covariates and sampling effects, evaluation of the residual variation revealed the potential importance of environmental factors and evolutionary history. Differential variation in WD between species within genera and between genera within orders suggested that WD is relatively conserved in some genera and orders, but not in others. WD also varied between studies (or sites) indicating the potential influence of edaphic, topographic, or population factors on intraspecific variation in WD. 4. Synthesis. Our hierarchical Bayesian approach overcomes many of the limitations of traditional meta-analyses, and the incorporation of phylogenetic or taxonomic information facilitates estimates of trait values for data-poor species. We provide relatively well-constrained WD estimates for 305 tree species, which may be useful for tree growth and forest models, and the uncertainties associated with the estimates may inform future sampling campaigns.

show abstract

“…Tyree and Ewers (1991) interpreted this hypothesis as the vulnerability segmentation hypothesis, suggesting that distal tissues are more vulnerable to embolism than proximal tissues to prevent embolism events in the main stem axis. While roots were found to be more resistant to embolism than stems in Populus and Juglans species Hukin et al 2005), other intra-plant studies showed that roots and trunks were less resistant to embolism than branches (Sperry and Ikeda 1997;Martínez-Vilalta et al 2002;Domec et al 2006;Dalla-Salda et al 2009;McCulloh et al 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Franco, for instance, reported P 50 varies from −2.45 to −6.3 MPa for branches, from −1.3 to −4.7 MPa for trunk segments, and from −1 to −3.8 MPa for roots (Sperry and Ikeda 1997;Martínez-Vilalta et al 2002;Domec et al 2006;Dalla-Salda et al 2009;McCulloh et al 2014). This discrepancy between studies could be due to the use of different sub-species that may differ in their habitat and vulnerability to embolism, or to the use of different hydraulic techniques that are applied to measure embolism resistance: air injection (Sperry and Ikeda 1997;Martínez-Vilalta et al 2002;Domec et al 2006;McCulloh et al 2014), the centrifuge flow method (Dalla-Salda et al 2009), dehydration (Domec et al 2006), and ultrasonic acoustic emissions (McCulloh et al 2014). In addition, various techniques have been used to compare organs of a single tree within a single study (McCulloh et al 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low intra-tree variability in resistance to embolism in four Pinaceae species

Bouche

Jansen

Sabalera

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract& Key message Variability of embolism resistance within individual trees was assessed in four Pinaceae species by using a single method of measurement: the Cavitron. Contrary to what has been previously observed, our findings show a small variability in embolism resistance within and between organs. Indeed, we found (i) a lack of variability between branches within the crown, and (ii) that roots and trunks are either equally resistant or slightly more vulnerable to embolism than branches. This contradicts the vulnerability segmentation hypothesis proposed in the early 1990s. This paper also demonstrates that only few branches are necessary to determine the embolism resistance of a given tree. & Context Embolism formation in xylem has an important impact on plant growth and survival. Since most studies on xylem embolism resistance focus on branches, it remains questionable how the entire plant deals with embolism across organs. & Aims In this study, we aimed to evaluate the variability of embolism resistance within a given organ and between different organs within a single tree. & Methods Based on the Cavitron method, we estimated the intra-organ and the intra-plant variability of embolism resistance for four Pinaceae species. In addition, we compared pit anatomical characters for wood of all organs and species. & Results We found no variability of embolism resistance for a given organ within a tree. At the tree level, trunks and roots were either equally or more vulnerable to embolism than branches. For all species, organs that showed a similar range of embolism resistance presented similar torus-aperture overlap values. However, the least negative P 50 value for roots of Pinus pinaster was associated with the lowest torus-aperture overlap value. & Conclusion Our findings suggest that P 50 values are constrained within a particular organ and that intra-tree variation in embolism resistance is less substantial than previously reported. Moreover, our data do not support the vulnerability segmentation hypothesis which suggests that distal organs are more vulnerable to xylem embolism.

show abstract

Variation of wood density and hydraulic properties of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) clones related to a heat and drought wave in France

Cited by 60 publications

References 39 publications

New Insights into the Mechanisms of Water-Stress-Induced Cavitation in Conifers

New Insights into the Mechanisms of Water-Stress-Induced Cavitation in Conifers

A model‐based meta‐analysis for estimating species‐specific wood density and identifying potential sources of variation

Low intra-tree variability in resistance to embolism in four Pinaceae species

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About