Variation the in relationship between urban tree canopy and air temperature reduction under a range of daily weather conditions

Microclimate Impacts of Land Cover Types in Halu Oleo University Botanical Garden and Its Surroundings

“…According to Wang et al (2023), the presence of vegetation, through its role as a regulator of microclimate, can reduce surface temperature, which directly affects the distribution of air temperature with increased humidity while at the same time increasing the comfort of people's lives. Therefore, the low air temperature in the morning, afternoon, and evening under the shade of trees in the tree-dominant land cover type, compared to the air temperature in the grass-dominant and settlement-dominant land cover types, is in line with the results of microclimate research (air temperature) in urban parks in Kototabang by Gunawan et al (2022) which shows that the air temperature under the shade of trees during the day is lower when compared to that on the grass, as well as the results of research by Locke at al. (2024), that the air temperature measured at the grass height of 1.5 m above the concrete surface in the morning humans feel uncomfortable and during the day feeling sick.…”

“…This fact is the same as the environmental comfort factor due to the air temperature factor, which is closely related to the characteristics of each land cover, where the tree-dominant vegetation land cover has a large and relatively dense crown so that the intensity of radiation is more retained and reflected which the radiation that is forwarded to the ground surface is relatively low which causes the highest average RH and the environment is classified as cool. In addition, tree canopy can spread sunlight so that the surrounding air temperature can be reduced (Aguiar et al 2018;Locke et al 2024). The opposite is true for land cover with grass-dominant vegetation because it is open without any canopy, so the intensity of incoming radiation is relatively high.…”

Nature-based solutions for climate change mitigation: A perspective on challenges, potential and limitations

“…Chen et al [24] evaluated carbon storage based on climate change scenarios at the city level, emphasizing the significant role of urban forests in carbon sequestration. Furthermore, Locke et al [25] explored the relationship between urban tree canopy and air temperature reduction, illustrating the cooling effects of urban forests, which are vital in reducing ambient temperatures and alleviating the urban heat island effect. Sousa-Silva and Zanocco [26] also highlighted the importance of urban green spaces, including forests, as a heat adaptation strategy, further underscoring their role in fostering biodiversity and enhancing urban resilience against extreme weather events.…”

“…Urban Forests Carbon sequestration, cooling effects Locke et al [25] Assess the relationship between urban tree canopy and air temperature…”