Variations in Bull Semen and their Relation to Fertility

Swanson, E.W.; Herman, Harry August

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(41)95417-6

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…That no distinctions could be made on these grounds agrees with the results of Anderson (1941), and Swanson & Herman (1941), who stated that between service rates of 1-18 and 2-71 (Anderson) and 1-0 and 3-67 (Swanson & Herman), grades of fertility could not be correlated with density, volume, or total number. But Anderson states further, that within this group of animals the volume, density, and total number of spermatozoa ejaculated were of the order of 4-5 c.c, 800-900 millions per c.c, 5000 millions, and that outside the group there was a decline in these values.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…While this hypothesis of the proportion of fertility to numbers of spermatozoa has been believed to be true in cattle, the actual numbers involved have never been determined experimentally. Swanson & Herman (1941) from data obtained from ten bulls with service rates from 1-0 to 3-67 could not detect any significant differences in volume and density of semen. The volume varied from 1-85 to 6-02 o.c, and the density from 684 to 1218 millions per c.c.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Variations have been developed from the method of immediate direct examination of samples. Swanson & Herman (1941), using semen from ten bulls, found that for fertility the average duration of good motility at 40° F. should exceed 30 hr., and that at the same temperature, semen from animals of poor fertility did not remain vigorously motile for more than 24 hr. They found, also, that there was a rough correlation between strong initial motility and survival with good motility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Observations On the Characteristics of the Semen in Relation to Fertility in the Bull

Laing

1945

J. Agric. Sci.

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1. The characters of the semen of twenty-one bulls were compared with their fertility as expressed by the service rate—the number of services required for each conception.2. It was found that, on the basis of the density of the semen, the total number of spermatozoa ejaculated, the motility and change in pH of the semen on incubation at 37° C, the animals could be divided into a higher fertility group with service rates from slightly more than 1·0 to about 3·5, and a lower fertility group with service rates from above 3·5 to ∞. Totally sterile animals could be detected.3. It is suggested that other factors than the quality of the semen can vary fertility so as to give service rates at different levels from 1·0 to about 3·5. Below a certain level of semen quality fertility appears to be impaired no matter what other factors operate.4. No relationship could be detected between the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa ejaculated and the service rate.5. Standards for use in diagnosis of fertility are suggested.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Observations On the Characteristics of the Semen in Relation to Fertility in the Bull

Laing

1945

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…Main objective of the dairy farm is to produce one calf per cow annually. An important element of economical calf production is top quality bull semen for successful fertilization and improved herd health (Swanson & Herman, ). Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) throughout freeze thaw cycle accompanied by low antioxidant levels in seminal plasma and in extender induces a state of oxidative stress that cause lipid peroxidation of the bio‐membrane system and result in reduced semen quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of melatonin on bovine sperm characteristics and ultrastructure changes following cryopreservation

ChaithraShree¹,

Ingole

Dighe

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during cryopreservation of semen alters the sperm motion and mobility characteristics, resulting in poor or failure of conception rate after artificial insemination (AI). Melatonin an antioxidant is able to modulate the effect of ROS and prevents spermatozoa by reducing the oxidative stress during freezing process. Eight ejaculates from eight healthy HF bulls diluted with Tris egg yolk glycerol extender were divided into five equal aliquots. The Computer Assisted Semen Analyser (CASA) results showed no significant difference between the control—post‐ thaw samples and melatonin‐treated samples; however, the velocity of spermatozoa with regard to the VAP, VSL showed highest increase in the 0.25 mM MLT‐treated semen followed by 0.1 mM MLT treated semen except for VCL where velocity increased with increase in the concentration of melatonin. The vigour of spermatozoa regard to BCF, STR and LIN recorded highest increase in the 0.25 mM MLT treated semen followed by 0.1 mM MLT‐treated semen except for the ALH where vigour increased with increase in the concentration of melatonin. The electron micrography images illustrated that the addition of 0.1 mM melatonin protected the plasma membrane and acrosome region and maintained the ultrastructure integrity of the cryopreserved spermatozoa when compared to control group, whereas the electron micrography of spermatozoa treated with 0.2 and 0.25 mM melatonin illustrated highest damage to the plasma and acrosome membrane. Thus concluding that inclusion of melatonin to sperm extender can improve the post‐thaw quality of cryopreserved bull spermatozoa.

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“…So the semen parameters are also important factor which needs to be evaluated. A crucial component of efficient calf production is high-quality bull semen (for successful fertilization) and improved herd health (Swanson and Herman 1940). Since individual bull serves many females, poor quality semen may affect herd fertility and productivity of the farm by lengthening calving intervals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%