Variations in dust-related PM10 emission from an arid land due to surface composition and topsoil disturbance

Edri, Avraham; Dody, Avraham; Tanner, Smadar; Swet, Nitzan; Katra, Itzhak

doi:10.1007/s12517-016-2651-z

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Due to the covariance between geochemical and palaeoecological proxies at this time, and the correlation with other local reconstructions, the early Holocene section of the record indicates a close linkage of local hydroclimate and dust input. These dust events are therefore likely to be the signal of remobilised material (Edri et al, 2016) from proximal or distal sources (including perhaps from loess-derived sediments at the foot of Ciomadul volcano) as the climate locally appears to become more arid.…”

Section: Palaeoecological Proxy Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the sensitivity of loess to moisture availability and water stress during dry periods may turn this region and other surrounding loess belts into major dust sources (Kok et al, 2014;Rousseau et al, 2014;Sweeney and Mason, 2013). This is particularly true under semi-arid (Edri et al, 2016), or agriculturally altered conditions (Korcz et al, 2009), as is the case with the major dust fields of eastern Eurasia (Buggle et al, 2009;Smalley et al, 2011;Újvári et al, 2012). Thus, the dust influx into the Carpathian-Balkan region should be extremely sensitive to relatively small changes in precipitation rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Reconstructions of dust flux have been used to produce valuable global records of changes in atmospheric circulation and aridity. These studies have highlighted the importance of atmospheric dust in marine and terrestrial biogeochemistry and nutrient cycling. By investigating a 10 800-year-long paleoclimate archive from the Eastern Carpathians (Romania) we present the first peat record of changing dust deposition over the Holocene for the CarpathianBalkan region. Using qualitative (X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning) and quantitative inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES) measurements of lithogenic (K, Si, Ti) elements, we identify 10 periods of major dust deposition between 9500-9200, 8400-8100, 7720-7250, 6350-5950, 5450-5050, 4130-3770, 3450-2850, 2000-1450, 800-620, and 60 cal yr BP to present. In addition, we used testate amoeba assemblages preserved within the peat to infer local palaeohydroclimatic conditions. Our record highlights several discrepancies between eastern and western European dust depositional records and the impact of highly complex hydrological regimes in the Carpathian region. Since 6100 cal yr BP, we find that the geochemical indicators of dust flux have become uncoupled from the local hydrology. This coincides with the appearance of millennial-scale cycles in the dust input and changes in geochemical composition of dust. We suggest that this is indicative of a shift in dust provenance from local-regional (likely loess-related) to distal (Saharan) sources, which coincide with the end of the African Humid Period and the onset of Saharan desertification.

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Section: Palaeoecological Proxy Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

et al. 2017

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“…3). This period is the first indication of the impact the Mediterranean climate and movement of the ITCZ has had on the Carpathian-Balkan region (as simulated by Egerer et al, 2016, andBoos andKorty, 2016). Indeed, intermittent intrusions of Saharan dust over the Carpathian area have been well documented both through direct observations (Labzovskii et al, 2014;Varga et al, 2013) and through provenance studies of past Saharan dust contribution within interglacial soils in the region (Varga et al, 2016).…”

Section: The Dust Recordmentioning

confidence: 87%

General comment on reviewer's report

Longman¹

2017

Preprint

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Reconstructions of dust flux have been used to produce valuable global records of changes in atmospheric circulation and aridity. These studies have highlighted the importance of atmospheric dust in marine and terrestrial biogeochemistry and nutrient cycling. By investigating a 10 800year-long paleoclimate archive from the Eastern Carpathians (Romania) we present the first peat record of changing dust deposition over the Holocene for the Carpathian-Balkan region. Using qualitative (X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning) and quantitative inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES) measurements of lithogenic (K, Si, Ti) elements, we identify 10 periods of major dust deposition between 9500

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“…Soils were sampled from two sites that are undisturbed and associated with dust emission in the field: Ze’elim sandy area (31.16° E/34.53° N) at the western Negev Desert [ 11 ], and the Yamin plateau (31.04° E/35.08° N) at the northeastern Negev Desert in Israel [ 12 ]. The soil samples were analyzed for elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) using an Axios spectrometer (PANanalytical, Malvern, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limiting Wind-Induced Resuspension of Radioactively Contaminated Particles to Enhance First Responder, Early Phase Worker and Public Safety—Part 1

Raveh-Amit¹,

Sharon²,

Katra

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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An accidental radiological release or the operation of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) may lead to the contamination of a large area. Such scenarios may lead to health and safety risks associated with the resuspension of contaminated particles due to aeolian (wind-induced) soil erosion and tracking activities. Stabilization technologies limiting resuspension are therefore needed to avoid spreading contamination and to reduce exposures to first responders and decontamination workers. Resuspension testing was performed on soils from two sites of the Negev Desert following treatment with three different stabilization materials: calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and saltwater from the Dead Sea in Israel. Two and six weeks post-treatment, resuspension was examined by inducing wind-driven resuspension and quantitatively measuring particle emission from the soils using a boundary-layer wind tunnel system. Experiments were conducted under typical wind velocities of this region. Treating the soils reduced resuspension fluxes of particulate matter < 10 µm (PM10) and saltating (sand-sized) particles to around background levels. Resuspension suppression efficiencies from the treated soils were a minimum of 94% for all three stabilizers, and the Dead Sea salt solution yielded 100% efficiency over all wind velocities tested. The impact of the salt solutions (brine) was directly related to the salt treatment rather than the wetting of the soils. Stabilization was still observed six weeks post-treatment, supporting that this technique can effectively limit resuspension for a prolonged duration, allowing sufficient time for decision making and management of further actions.

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Variations in dust-related PM10 emission from an arid land due to surface composition and topsoil disturbance

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

General comment on reviewer's report

Limiting Wind-Induced Resuspension of Radioactively Contaminated Particles to Enhance First Responder, Early Phase Worker and Public Safety—Part 1

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