Abstract:In order to find In-rich sphalerite, Pb-Zn ores hosted in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks including abundant carbonates were studied chemically in the northernmost Vietnam, because both high-temperature In-anomaly and low temperature MVT (Mississipi Valley type) genesis, which could be contradictory, have been proposed in the mineralized terrane. A large variety of Pb-Zn ores was found by this study, such as (1) REE-rich (up to 1,210 ppm) galena-sphalerite subtype (Na Son), which is rhyolite-related with a high-temperature alteration assemblage, (2) In-Fe-rich sphalerite>galena-pyrrhotite subtype (Na Bop and Cho Dien), which is reduced and high temperature type, (3) In-Fe-poor sphalerite>galena subtype (Lang Hich, Mi Tic and Phudo), and (4) Fe-sphalerite> galenarhodochrosite (Cuc Duong) subtype. The latter two subtypes are considered to have formed by low-temperature hydrothermal solutions.In the Bac Kan region, economically important In-anomalous value was recognized on the Pb-Zn ores from Na Bop mine and weak anomaly in the Cho Dien ores. These ores are composed of Fe-rich sphalerites with pyrrhotite occurring in and around the Cho Dien Dome close to syenite dikes. The In-bearing ore deposits can be formed with high temperature ore solution liberated from hidden fractionated "tin" granitic intrusion of the ilmenite series in the Cho Don area and possibly below center of the Cho Dien Dome, and may have been formed under the highest temperature and reduced condition among the Pb-Zn mineralizations. The highest In-value is In sp of 391 ppm and Zn concentrates value of 898 ppm, both of which are considered to be economical.