Variations in Orthotropic Elastic Constants of Green Chinese Larch from Pith to Sapwood

Liu, Fenglu; Zhang, Houjiang; Jiang, Fang; Guan, Cheng

doi:10.3390/f10050456

“…To verify the accuracy of the results obtained through the experiment method, Maxwell's theorem was used to verify the results, as shown in Equations ( 5) and ( 6) [23].…”

Section: Measurement Of Elastic Constants Based On the Electrometric ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Moisture Content and Grain Direction on the Elastic Properties of Beech Wood Based on Experiment and Finite Element Method

Fu

¹

,

Guan

²

,

Kei

³

2021

Forests

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Beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) is used in a wide range of wood products. However, the influence of the wood’s moisture content on its mechanical functions will affect its structural strength. It would be complicated and time-consuming to experimentally measure wood’s mechanical functions under different moisture contents. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a prediction formula between the moisture content and elastic constants, and then verify whether its mechanical functions within a wide range of moisture content can be studied by using FEM (finite element method). In this study, which was based on experimentation, we studied the influence of a wide range of moisture contents and grain direction on the compressive yield strength, modulus of elasticity and shear modulus of beech wood. The relationship between the moisture content and elastic constants was established; the moisture sensitivities of different elastic parameters were obtained. Ultimately, compression curves under different moisture contents were plotted out, using both FEM and experimentation. According to the results, the interaction of moisture with the grain direction had a significant effect on the elastic constants of wood, with grain direction having a greater effect on the elastic properties than the moisture content. Moreover, the decay function can be used to fit these experimental results well. The elastic constants of beech wood responded differently to the moisture content, depending on whether it was in the longitude or transverse directions. Finally, this study proved the feasibility of using FEM to simulate wood’s compressive performance with a wide range of moisture contents.

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“…Note also that due to the way trees grow, its mechanical properties depend on the angle between the loading direction and the grain [ 4 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ] ( Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 ).…”

Section: Problems With the Application Of Elasticity Theory To Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ‘+’ signs indicate the position of strain gauges. From [ 84 ]. R means radial, L means length, T means tangential.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Is Wood a Material? Taking the Size Effect Seriously

Walley

¹

,

Rogers

²

2022

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This review critically examines the various ways in which the mechanical properties of wood have been understood. Despite the immense global importance of wood in construction, most understanding of its elastic and inelastic properties is based on models developed for other materials. Such models neglect wood’s cellular and fibrous nature. This review thus questions how well models that were originally developed for homogeneous and effectively continuous materials can describe wood’s mechanical properties. For example, the elastic moduli of wood have been found by many authors to depend on the size of the test specimen. Such observations are incompatible with classical elasticity theory. There is also much uncertainty about how well elastic moduli can be defined for wood. An analysis of different models for size effects of various inelastic properties of wood shows that these models only approximate the observed behaviour, and do not predict or explain the scatter in the results. A more complete understanding of wood’s mechanical properties must take account of it being in some sense intermediate between a material and a structure.

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“…Note also that due to the way trees grow, its mechanical properties depend on the angle between the loading direction and the grain [4,[81][82][83][84] (Figure 7-9). Wood's response to loading also depends on whether it is loaded in compression or tension (Figures 10 & 11).…”

Section: Problems With the Application Of Elasticity Theory To Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Wood a Material?

Walley¹,

Rogers²

2022

Preprint

1

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review critically examines the various ways in which the mechanical properties of wood have been understood. Despite the immense global importance of wood in construction, most understanding of its elastic and inelastic properties is based on models developed for other materials. Such models neglect wood’s cellular and fibrous nature. This review thus questions how well models that were originally developed for homogeneous and effectively continuous materials can describe wood’s mechanical properties. For example, the elastic moduli of wood have been found by many authors to depend on the size of the test specimen. Such observations are incompatible with classical elasticity theory. There is also much uncertainty about how well elastic moduli can be defined for wood. An analysis of different models for size effects of various inelastic properties of wood shows that these models only approximate the observed behaviour, and do not predict or explain the scatter in the results. A more complete understanding of wood’s mechanical properties must take account of it being in some sense intermediate between a material and a structure.

show abstract

Variations in Orthotropic Elastic Constants of Green Chinese Larch from Pith to Sapwood

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of Moisture Content and Grain Direction on the Elastic Properties of Beech Wood Based on Experiment and Finite Element Method

Effects of Moisture Content and Grain Direction on the Elastic Properties of Beech Wood Based on Experiment and Finite Element Method

Is Wood a Material? Taking the Size Effect Seriously

Is Wood a Material?

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