Variations in the Duct System of Pancreas: A Cadaveric Study

Govindraj, Narayanan; Shabna, C

doi:10.16965/ijar.2017.269

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Therefore, only 64 citations were suitable for qualitative and quantitative analysis ( Fig. 5 and Table 1 ) [ 1 - 4 , 9 , 11 , 15 - 69 ]. Thirteen reported configuration variations of the PDS (types 1–5), and 12 concerned variations in its course (descending, sigmoid, vertical, horizontal, and loop).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the variations of the pancreatic ductal system: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Asghar,

Narayan,

Pushpa

et al. 2024

Anat Cell Biol

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The exocrine part of the pancreas has a duct system called the pancreatic ductal system (PDS). Its mechanism of development is complex, and any reorganization during early embryogenesis can give rise to anatomical variants. The aim of this study is to collect, classify, and analyze published evidence on the importance of anatomical variants of the PDS, addressing gaps in our understanding of such variations. The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify publications relevant to this review. R studio with meta-package was used for data extraction, risk of bias estimation, and statistical analysis. A total of 64 studies out of 1,778 proved suitable for this review and metanalysis. The meta-analysis computed the prevalence of normal variants of the PDS (92% of 10,514 subjects). Type 3 variants and “descending” subtypes of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) predominated in the pooled samples. The mean lengths of the MPD and accessory pancreatic duct (APD) were 16.53 cm and 3.36 cm, respectively. The mean diameters of the MPD at the head and the APD were 3.43 mm and 1.69 mm, respectively. The APD was present in only 41% of samples, and the long type predominated. The pancreatic ductal anatomy is highly variable, and the incorrect identification of variants may be challenging for surgeons during ductal anastomosis with gut, failure to which may often cause ductal obstruction or pseudocysts formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the variations of the pancreatic ductal system: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Asghar,

Narayan,

Pushpa

et al. 2024

Anat Cell Biol

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“…To embark on this journey, we undertook meticulous dissections, utilizing human cadavers as our study subjects. Human cadaveric dissection remains an invaluable tool in anatomical research, offering a tangible and intricate perspective on the complex anatomical structures within the human body [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Intricacies of Pancreatic Duct Tributaries: Variations in Length, Angle of Entry, and Alternating Patterns in Human Cadavers by Dissection

Nath,

Anuradha,

Pritanu

et al. 2024

IJAR

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Background: The pancreatic duct system plays a pivotal role in human physiology, facilitating the transport of digestive enzymes and secretions essential for gastrointestinal function. While anatomists have extensively investigated the pancreas's ductal network, the intricacies of pancreatic duct tributaries, including variations in length, angle of entry, and alternating patterns, have continued to captivate scientific inquiry. Aim: To find out the variations in length, angle of entry, and alternating patterns of pancreatic duct tributaries, and discuss the potential clinical implications of our discoveries. Materials and Methods: This study, conducted on 50 human cadavers (comprising 35 perinates and 15 adults), aimed to comprehensively explore the complexities of pancreatic duct tributaries through meticulous dissection. Results: Our research unveiled the following key findings: Variations in Length and Angle of Entry: We observed a remarkable diversity in the number and length of tributaries that join the main pancreatic duct. Additionally, the entry angle exhibited substantial variation, with right-angled tributaries prevalent in 70% of specimens and acute angles in 30%. Understanding these anatomical nuances is crucial for surgical procedures to mitigate inadvertent ductal injury. Alternating and Herringbone Patterns: In 98% of specimens, tributaries alternated between superior and inferior positions along the main pancreatic duct. This alternating pattern may influence the flow of pancreatic secretions and the pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases. In contrast, the rare Herringbone pattern was observed in only 2% of cases, highlighting the unique nature of this anatomical variant. Conclusion: This study contributes valuable insights into the intricate world of pancreatic duct tributaries. By elucidating their anatomy and characteristics, we enhance the safety and efficacy of clinical interventions and expand our understanding of pancreatic physiology and pathology. Further research may delve into the functional implications of these anatomical variations, paving the way for advancements in pancreatic healthcare. KEYWORDS: Pancreatic Duct Tributaries, Anatomical Variations, Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Physiology, Dissection, Herring Bone Pattern, Gastrointestinal Function.

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Anatomical Patterns of the Pancreatic Ductal System – A Cadaveric and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Study

et al. 2019

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Introduction Morphological variants of the pancreatobiliary system can predispose to chronic pancreatitis. The goal of the present study is to assess the prevalence of pancreatic duct patterns in the Indian population, both by cadaveric dissection and by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Materials and Methods A total of 15 adult pancreas specimens of unknown age and gender, and 5 fetal pancreas specimens of different gestational ages with the intact second part of duodenum, were dissected by the piecemeal method. For clinical relevance, MRCP images of 103 clinically-diagnosed chronic pancreatitis patients irrespective of their etiology were obtained retrospectively from the existing database and studied. The anatomical patterns were classified as five different types based on the course of the main pancreatic duct and the accessory pancreatic duct and their openings into the duodenal wall, including variants like pancreas divisum and ansa pancreatica. Results In the cadaveric study, the main pancreatic duct was single with a straight course in 46.67% of the adult specimens, and in the MRCP study, the main pancreatic duct showed a descending course in 77.66% of the cases. The most common pattern was type III in both the cadaveric (80%) and radiological (55.33%) studies, and the accessory duct was absent on the MRCP in all type-III cases, while it ended blindly in the cadaveric specimens. Ansa pancreatica (type V) was observed in 1 adult specimen (6.7%), but not in the radiological study. Pancreas divisum (type IV) was observed in the 8 cases (7.76%) cases in the radiological study. Conclusion Knowledge of the anatomical variants of the pancreatic ductal system may be helpful for the radiologists during diagnostic and therapeutic interventional procedures.

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Variations in the Duct System of Pancreas: A Cadaveric Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Exploring the variations of the pancreatic ductal system: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Exploring the variations of the pancreatic ductal system: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Exploring the Intricacies of Pancreatic Duct Tributaries: Variations in Length, Angle of Entry, and Alternating Patterns in Human Cadavers by Dissection

Anatomical Patterns of the Pancreatic Ductal System – A Cadaveric and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Study

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