“…Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are prevalent organic contaminants in the environment, which are likely to interplay with MPs/NPs ( Liu et al, 2019a ; Coffin et al, 2019 ; Hu et al, 2020 ; He et al, 2021 ; Lu et al, 2021 ). The co-occurrence of MPs/NPs and several EDCs has been reported to exerted an additive or synergistic endocrine-disrupting toxicity in reproductivity, impairing the ovarian function and inhibiting the secretion of sex hormones ( He et al, 2021 ; Han et al, 2022 ; Mao et al, 2022 ; Lin et al, 2023a ; Lin et al, 2023b ). Furthermore, research indicated that PSMPs could enhance the desorption of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalic acid, thereby generating DNA oxidative damage, granulosa cell cycle arrest, and necroptosis in the ovary ( Coffin et al, 2019 ; Wu et al, 2023 ).…”