Variations of electron density based on long‐term incoherent scatter radar and ionosonde measurements over Millstone Hill

Lei, Jiuhou; Liu, Libo; Wan, Weixing; Zhang, Shun‐Rong

doi:10.1029/2004rs003106

Cited by 131 publications

(144 citation statements)

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“…This peculiar behavior agrees with the ionospheric maps developed by Torr and Torr (1973) that, for high solar activity, reproduce larger values of winter critical frequency f o F 2 than the summer and equinox f o F 2 for all considered midlatitude stations. The Irkutsk LEMI daytime seasonal pattern of the N m F 2D agrees with both Millstone Hill (Lei et al, 2005) and the IRI patterns ( Fig. 3(b)).…”

Section: N M F 2 Morphologysupporting

confidence: 67%

“…This disagreement between the IRI-predicted and the observed summer diurnal behavior of f o F 2 was discussed previously by Ratovsky et al (2009). The Irkutsk summer diurnal behavior of the N m F 2D slope differs from the Millstone Hill behavior (Lei et al, 2005), where the summer N m F 2D varies only weakly during the day (2-3 10 5 cm −3 /100 s.f.u.). Figure 3(a) also demonstrates that there is an area of extremely weak dependence of N m F 2 on solar activity (N m F 2D < 0.5 10 5 cm −3 /100 s.f.u.)…”

Section: N M F 2 Morphologymentioning

confidence: 68%

“…for December and June, respectively. The Millstone Hill (Lei et al, 2005) average postmidnight summer N m F 2D is close to the LEMI value, whereas the winter N m F 2D is close to the IRI prediction for Irkutsk. Possibly, the balance between the recombination rate and the plasmasphere influx, and hence the postmidnight N m F 2D depends on the geographic location.…”

Section: N M F 2 Morphologymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…as a function of local time LT and month M is shown in Fig. 2(a) The Irkutsk daytime seasonal pattern of N m F 2 differs from the Millstone Hill pattern (Lei et al, 2005) where daytime N m F 2 is largest in the winter and smallest in the summer, with intermediate values at equinoxes. This difference has been reproduced by the Coupled ThermosphereIonosphere-Plasmasphere model (Zou et al, 2000) and explained by the dependence of the winter down welling zone latitude on the geomagnetic longitude (Rishbeth et al, 2000a) that makes a "far-from-the-pole" station (Irkutsk) different from a "near-the-pole" station (Millstone Hill) during the same season.…”

Section: N M F 2 Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following sections compare the LEMI diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity behavior with the IRI-2007 (Bilitza and Reinisch, 2008) prediction and with long-term observational data from the Millstone Hill (42.6N, 288.5E) incoherent scatter radar , the co-located ionosonde (1989)(1990)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004) (Lei et al, 2004(Lei et al, , 2005, and other instruments. Comparison of LEMI with data from a different mid-latitude location allowed us to identify the longitudinal differences in the local ionospheric specifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local empirical model of ionospheric plasma density derived from Digisonde measurements at Irkutsk

Ratovsky

Oinats

2011

Earth Planet Sp

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Ionogram data from routine ionospheric observations in Irkutsk, Russia using a DPS-4 Digisonde sounder were hand-scaled for the 6-year period from December 2002 to December 2008 to derive a local empirical model of the electron density distribution in the bottomside ionosphere that provides a comprehensive description of the diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity variations of the major ionospheric characteristics. The paper describes the technique for building the local empirical model and the results of comparing its diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity specifications with the standard IRI-2007 climatological model for the same period of time, and retrospective observational data from the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar and a collocated Digisonde (1989Digisonde ( -1990Digisonde ( , 1998Digisonde ( -2004. Reasoning for the observed differences between the three datasets is then provided in terms of background physical phenomena. Primary focus of the paper is the behavior of three F 2 layer characteristics: the F 2 peak density (N m F 2 ), the peak height (h m F 2 ) and the bottomside thickness (B 0 ).

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Section: N M F 2 Morphologysupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: N M F 2 Morphologymentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: N M F 2 Morphologymentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: N M F 2 Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local empirical model of ionospheric plasma density derived from Digisonde measurements at Irkutsk

Ratovsky

Oinats

2011

Earth Planet Sp

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Two‐component model of topside ionosphere electron density profiles retrieved from Global Navigation Satellite Systems radio occultations

et al. 2013

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[1] A simple model for the topside ionosphere region is introduced and applied to fit radio-occultation-retrieved electron density profiles for altitudes above the F2 peak. The model considers two isothermal components representing the population of the O + (ionosphere component) and the H + (protonosphere component) ions. The purpose of the model is to achieve an accurate fit of the observed profiles in the topside ionosphere region while, at the same time, allowing a direct and simple derivation of two important ionospheric parameters, namely the O + vertical scale height and the upper transition height. Covering a time period of 1 year, the fits with the two-component model function are compared with those achieved with one-component functions commonly used in the literature and it is shown that the former provides significantly better fits than the later, with more than a factor of two improvement. The model predictions concerning: the correlation between the O + vertical scale height and the upper transition height, the altitude dependence of the vertical scale height of the electron density, and the quantitative contribution of the protonosphere to the total electron content are examined and shown to be consistent with the observations and with previous studies. It is concluded that the model provides a realistic description of the vertical distribution of the two main ion constituents of the topside ionosphere.Citation: González-Casado, G., J. M. Juan, M. Hernández-Pajares, and J. Sanz (2013), Two-component model of topside ionosphere electron density profiles retrieved from Global Navigation Satellite Systems radio occultations,

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Midnight density maximum in the thermosphere from the CHAMP observations

et al. 2014

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The midnight temperature maximum (MTM) is generally believed to occur over the equatorial region, while a few recent studies suggested the extension of the MTM to middle and high latitudes. In this paper, we investigate the latitudinal variations of nighttime thermospheric density on the basis of the accelerometer measurement onboard the CHAMP satellite during [2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]. The sampling of the CHAMP satellite allows for observation of a statistical average of the midnight density maximum (MDM). From these observations, it was found that the MDM of the thermosphere, a manifestation of the MTM, occurs in all seasons at both low and high solar activities, but its features vary significantly with season and solar activity. The peak of the MDM over the equatorial region occurs at 01:00 LT under the low solar activity condition, whereas it happens about 1-2 h earlier at high solar activity. We observe extension of the MDM from the equatorial region to southern midlatitudes, especially under the low solar activity condition.

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Variations of electron density based on long‐term incoherent scatter radar and ionosonde measurements over Millstone Hill

Cited by 131 publications

References 31 publications

Local empirical model of ionospheric plasma density derived from Digisonde measurements at Irkutsk

Local empirical model of ionospheric plasma density derived from Digisonde measurements at Irkutsk

Two‐component model of topside ionosphere electron density profiles retrieved from Global Navigation Satellite Systems radio occultations

Midnight density maximum in the thermosphere from the CHAMP observations

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