Variations of ion density and temperature as measured by ROCSAT-1satellite and comparison with IRI-2016 model over low latitude region

Abstract

The solar radiations are the primary cause of ionization of the Earth's atmosphere. Specifically, the X-ray and extreme ultraviolet radiations are the basic drivers at the base of the plasma density distribution in the ionosphere. It is well known that ionospheric plasma and temperature varies with respect to the latitude, altitude, season, geomagnetic and solar activities [Fejer 1997, and Otsuka et al.1998]. The morphology and dynamics of equatorial and low latitude regions is different compared to the mid and high latitude ones.This is because in the low latitude and equatorial regions there occur some unique phenomenon such as equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), equatorial electrojet (EEJ), plasma fountain, equatorial spread-F (ESF), equatorial wind and temperature [Bhuyan et al., 2002; Prabhakaran Nayar et al., 2004].The EIA is an important characteristic of low latitude ionosphere, which is basically a trough in plasma density at magnetic equator Article history

A Global Empirical Model of the Ion Temperature in the Ionosphere for the International Reference Ionosphere

“…For the magnetic equator (Jicamarca-first row) the newly proposed Ti model captures the morning peak quite well, as shown by the ISR data, especially at 600 km altitude contrary to the current IRI model. Evidence that IRI does not include the morning peak was also presented by Coley et al [39] and Rana et al [40]. Some underestimation of the peak amplitude by the model, especially at 430 km, can be due to limitations in the model's temporal resolution.…”

The International Reference Ionosphere Model: A Review and Description of an Ionospheric Benchmark

“…However, several authors have highlighted the need for an improved description of the solar activity dependence in the IRI ion temperature modeling (Bilitza & Hoegy, 1990;Buonsanto, 1989). Truhlik et al (2021) proposed a new global model of T i , which resolves some shortcomings of the current option (as pointed out by, e.g., Pignalberi, Aksonova, et al, 2021;Rana et al, 2019). The model is based on a database comprising of almost all available T i satellite data obtained by means of RPA measurements.…”

“…Truhlik et al. (2021) proposed a new global model of T i , which resolves some shortcomings of the current option (as pointed out by, e.g., Pignalberi, Aksonova, et al., 2021; Rana et al., 2019). The model is based on a database comprising of almost all available T i satellite data obtained by means of RPA measurements.…”