Variations of Jugular Veins: Phylogenic Correlation and Clinical Implications

During Routine dissection at Bankura Sammilani Medical College, multiple vascular variations were detected in a cadaver of 60 years aged female. Variation in formation of hepatic portal vein was present as union of splenic vein with the common trunk formed by Superior mesenteric vein & Inferior mesenteric vein. Second variations were in unilateral facial vessels, where the right facial artery terminated as superior labial artery and the right common facial vein drained into the External jugular vein. Knowledge of variant anatomy of hepatic portal vein is essential for surgical and interventional procedures because large visceral territory drained by inferior mesenteric vein. Knowledge of Facial vessels is important for maxillofacial surgeries.

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“…FV terminated in EJV as reported by Choudhury et al 15 and Prakash et al 16 . Deviation is more common in veins than arteries 17 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Vascular variations in abdomen, face and neck in a single cadaver

Pal

Baral

Sarkar

et al. 2015

National Journal of Clinical Anatomy

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“…2 A case of the right FV draining into the superficial temporal vein 5 mm cranially to an undivided RMV has been reported. 3 FV terminating into the external jugular vein has also been reported in the literature, 4,5 as has the left common FV terminating into the left subclavian vein. 6 There is a preponderance of venous variations on the right side of the face in the literature, 7 contrarily to what was observed in the present case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Termination of the facial vein into the external jugular vein: an anatomical variation

2008

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Different patterns of variations in the venous drainage have been observed in the past. During routine dissection in our Department of Anatomy, an unusual drainage pattern of the veins of the left side of the face of a middle aged cadaver was observed. The facial vein presented a normal course from its origin up to the base of mandible, and then it crossed the base of mandible posteriorly to the facial artery. Thereafter, it joined with the anterior division of retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, which drained into the external jugular vein directly. Sound anatomic knowledge of the above variation in facial veins is essential to the success of surgical procedures in this region.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Deslaugiers et al the TCV flows in the EJV in 88% or in the jugulo-subclavian junction in 4%. A case where the TCV and the EJV terminated separately in the IJV has also been described (Prakash et al, 2006).The AJV descends between the midline and the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and ends in either the EJV or the SCV (Testut & Latarjet, 1948). The AJV opens into the EJV (as reported by Deslaugiers et al, 1994) in 46% and into the SCV in 54% of the cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Unusual Termination of Seven Veins in the Jugulo-Subclavian Junction

et al. 2009

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SUMMARY:During anatomical dissection of a female Caucasian cadaver in our department, we observed an unusual termination of seven veins at the jugulo-subclavian junction. Normally, the jugulo-subclavian junction is formed by the union of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein, and gives rise to the brachionocephalic vein. In our case, except from these two, five additional veins, namely the cephalic vein, the transverse cervical vein, the external jugular vein, the anterior jugular vein, and the vertebral vein, were also joined at the level of the jugulo-subclavian junction, in order to form the brachionocephalic vein. Such a variation has not yet been reported in the literature. INTRODUCTIONThe jugulo-subclavian junction is formed at the base of the neck bilaterally, posterior to the sternal end of the clavicle, by the union of the internal jugular vein (IJV) and the subclavian vein (SCV) (Calen et al., 1986). From this confluence the brachionocephalic vein (BCV) is formed. Then, the left and right BCV are joined in order to form the superior vena cava. In the present study we report a case in which at the level of the jugulo-subclavian junction, seven veins instead of two are joined in order to form the brachionocephalic vein. MATERIALS AND METHODThe reported anatomical variations were discovered in the right side of a female Caucasian cadaver (deceased at the age of 89 from respiratory insufficiency), during routine educational dissection at the Anatomy Department of the Medical School of the University of Athens, Greece. RESULTSOn the right upper arm and posterior to the sternal end of the clavicle we discovered that seven veins were united in order to form the right BCV vein (Fig. 1). Dissecting the area from the acromial end of the clavicle to the base of the neck (supraclavical triangle), we noticed that four veins joined the SCV in the following order (clockwise, seen from the front): the cephalic vein (CV), the transverse cervical vein (TCV), the external jugular vein (EJV) and the anterior jugular vein (AJV) (Fig. 2). The next vein to join the junction was the internal jugular vein (IJV), following its expected course. The last vein to reach the common junction was the vertebral vein (VV) (also clockwise). It should be pointed out, that the CV, after piercing the clavipectoral fascia, did not join the axillary vein as usual, but instead, crossed over the clavicle and ended at the common junction. Also, the AJV was rather thick and was larger than the EJV and the IJV. Accordingly, the right BCV vein was formed after the junction from all these veins. Its length was 5.8 cm and after its formation, continued its course as expected. The course of the other seven veins was also normal (except CV) until the point of the junction.Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece. 1259 has even the double diameter (Standring et al., 2008). The EJV has been found to flow in the jugulo-subclavian junction in the anatomical study of Deslaugiers et al. (1994) on 50 cadavers in 60%, ei...

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Variations of Jugular Veins: Phylogenic Correlation and Clinical Implications

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Vascular variations in abdomen, face and neck in a single cadaver

Vascular variations in abdomen, face and neck in a single cadaver

Termination of the facial vein into the external jugular vein: an anatomical variation

An Unusual Termination of Seven Veins in the Jugulo-Subclavian Junction

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