Variations of lactoperoxidase activity and thiocyanate content in cows' and goats' milk throughout lactation

Abstract

S. Lactoperoxidase activity and thiocyanate content were monitored in the milks of seven individual cows and six goats during lactation. Lactoperoxidase activity exhibited a cyclic pattern with alternating peaks and troughs throughout lactation. Extremely large variations were observed between and within animals. For example, lactoperoxidase activity ranged from 0n05-5n60 U\ml for one cow on different sampling days. Variations between cows were also large, ranging from 0n98-5n1 U\ml on a specific sampling day. Mean lactoperoxidase activity in cows ranged from 1n5-2n7 U\ml with an overall mean of 2n3p1n0 U\ml while the thiocyanate concentration ranged from 6n0-10n2 µg\ml with an overall average of 8n5p5n1 µg\ml. Lactoperoxidase activity means for goats ranged from 0n04-0n16 U\ml with a grand mean of 0n1p0n06 U\ml while the thiocyanate content means ranged from 6n6-8n2 µg\ml with a grand mean of 7n0p2n59 µg\ml. There was no correlation between lactoperoxidase activity and thiocyanate content in either cows' (R# l 0n011) or goats' (R# l 0n015) milk. These experiments have revealed that lactoperoxidase activity is affected by many factors including the individual animals, species, feed and stage of lactation. Therefore the exogenous supply of thiocyanate and hydrogen peroxide needed to activate the lactoperoxidase system for raw milk preservation will vary in quantity depending on these factors.

Factors moderating Listeria monocytogenes growth in raw milk and in soft cheese made from raw milk

“…Lactoperoxidase concentration is linked to lactation period [32]. Thiocyanate concentrations in the milk samples fell within the range described in the literature (between 1 and 15 µg·mL -1 ; [7,15]). Thiocyanate concentration in milk depends on the animal's diet.…”

Variation of lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase in bovine milk and the impact of level of pasture intake

“…The activities fall either side of that of 6.55 U ml -1 reported by Back & Thomson (2005), although that study did not report the pasture intake of the cows. Fonteh et al (2002) reported large BC and WC variation in LP activities. The WC variation was at least 10-fold larger than BC.…”

“…Little information is available on factors that affect LP activity other than stage of lactation, breed and SCC (Reiter 1985;Fonteh et al 2002;Back & Thomson 2005). In this current study, all cows were at the same stage of lactation, the same breed and no difference was found in average SCC between the two groups.…”

“…Mastitis also results in increased concentrations of Lf in milk (Harmon et al 1976;Rainard et al 1982;Rainard 1983). LP activity of bovine milk has been shown to have a cyclical pattern throughout lactation (Fonteh et al 2002;Back & Thomson 2005) and may be influenced by breed, somatic cell counts (SCC) and feeding (Reiter 1985;Fonteh et al 2002;Back & Thomson 2005).…”

Hyperimmune Bovine Colostrum as a Low-Cost, Large-Scale Source of Antibodies with Broad Neutralizing Activity for HIV-1 Envelope with Potential Use in Microbicides

“…For neutralization measurements of purified HBC IgG, IgG concentrations were equalized to better reflect the IgG-mediated neutralizing activity. The presence and concentrations of antimicrobial components within BC, including lactoferrin, lysozyme, or lactoperoxidase, vary considerably among healthy cows, are highly dependent on the exact timing of BC collection, and could therefore significantly influence the neutralization profile of HBC (12,15,38,55). We mapped the Ab-binding sites within gp140 conferring the neutralizing activities in purified HBC IgG from both NP cows using competition with MAbs with defined epitopes.…”