Variations of PM2.5, PM10 mass concentration and health assessment in Islamabad, Pakistan

Mehmood, Tariq; Zhu, Tianle; Ahmad, Ishaq; Li, X.; Shen, Fangxia; Akram, Waheed; Dong, L.

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/133/1/012031

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The exposure levels of ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10 observed in our study population were lower than those reported in China [ 20 ], India [ 27 ], and Pakistan [ 28 ], higher than the levels reported in the United States (US) and Canada [ 29 , 30 ], and within similar ranges as reported in France [ 31 ]. Zhou et al reported the ranges of ambient PM in China using 589 pairs of data encompassing 57 urban and rural cities and regions [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Effect of Short- to Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter on Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: KoGES

Lee

Kim

Song

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Exposure to ambient air pollution and its threat to human health is a global concern, especially in the elderly population. Therefore, more in-depth studies are required to understand the extent of the harmful effects of particulate matter (PM) based on duration and levels of exposure. An investigation was conducted to determine the association between short- (1–14 days), medium- (1, 3, and 6 months), and long-term (1, 2, and 3 years) exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10) and cognitive function among Koreans (4175 participants, mean age 67.8 years, 55.2% women) aged over 50 years. Higher levels of PM2.5 exposure for short to long term and PM10 exposure for medium to long term were found to be associated with decreased cognitive function, as indicated by lower scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination adopted in Korean (K-MMSE). There were significant effect modifications by sex, age group, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking status in the association between long-term PM2.5 and PM10 exposure and cognitive function. These findings, which underscore the importance of the efforts to reduce the exposure levels and durations of air pollutants, especially in the vulnerable elderly population, provide evidence for establishing more stringent policies for air pollution regulations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Effect of Short- to Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter on Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: KoGES

Lee

Kim

Song

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Such month is observed to be hazier, as more particulate matters emitted from smoke and dust particles are suspended in the air, absorbing more sunlight instead of direct solar irradiance reaching the surface, while the rest of the sunlight is received in a scattered manner [4]. The highest particulate matter (PM10) average mass concentration of about 152.4 µgm -3 with the humidity level of 51.5% and mean temperature of 37.6 ˚C are observed in the month of October of the Islamabad region that exceeds maximum limit of 150 µgm -3 , declared by the WHO [13]. The oil heating time was not estimated.…”

Section: Comparison Of Different Parabolic Style Solar Cookers Propos...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis on Performance Assessment of Different Solar Cookers

Safdar¹,

Zahid²,

Qaisar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The environmental impact and associated health issues have been seen as a significant global challenge. Efforts have been made to make solar cookers efficient to reduce the health risk and environmental impact of traditional cooking energy supplies used in rural areas. The solar cookers effectiveness for cooking purposes must be assessed in a specific area before installation. In essence, this paper assesses the experimental efficiency of German Scheffler, small mirror pieces, and aluminum foil based solar cookers. The solar cookers performances are evaluated at international standards by analyzing the figure of merits such as standard cooking power, sensible heating time, and exergy efficiency by using 1.7652 kg water and 1-liter oil as a heating material. The regression analysis is also performed to observe experimental data compliance with regression line. The time required to attain a water temperature of 95˚C by German Scheffler and small mirror pieces is 25 min and 1 hour with their exergy efficiency of 48.51% and 19.16% respectively, while the aluminum foil solar cooker achieves maximum water temperature of 74˚C within 2 hours and 5 minutes with 13.47% exergy efficiency. Similarly, the highest oil temperature of 275˚C is observed for the German Scheffler solar cooker. From experimental and regression results, it is revealed that German Scheffler possesses more cooking power relative to other solar cookers and their performances are highly dependent on following factors such as solar radiations, ambient temperature, environment (dust particles concentration and wind speed), radiation reflective material, aperture area, and heat losses respectively.

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“…Particulate Matter (PM) is divided into four main categories according to type and sizeas shown in Table 1 (Chen et al, 2017). The features of PM mainly depend upon the origin, source and weather condition of the particular geographical area (Memhood et al, 2018;Grahame, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the types of burning stage, the portion of BC and OC in biomass ranged from 1:8 to 1:12 (Chen, et al, 2017). An inorganic element such as chlorine, potassium and calcium represents 10% of aggregate PM emission roughly (Memhood, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Emission Sources and Theircontrol Technologies

Asif¹,

HAQ²,

GULFREEN³

et al. 2022

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Particulate matter (PM) is a complex form of air pollution that includes all types of solid and liquid droplets present in the atmosphere. Primary PM Emission rates, sizes, and composition are difficult to predict since they rely not only on the industry, but also on the fuel properties, infrastructure, and other aspects of the emission process. Normal (volcanic eruptions, forest fires, and weathering of parent material and sea salt) and anthropogenic (power plants, internal combustion engines, and the thermo-degradation process) sources of airborne particulate matter exist. In order to uphold human health conditions and a clean climate; it has become important to reduce PM concentrations. Given the negative effects of particulates, their regulation is becoming increasingly necessary. In this article, we look at all of the origins of particulate matter, their negative consequences, and the monitoring systems that are used to minimize PM emissions. However, manufacturing and plant operations will get the most attention because they are the backbone of a countryâs economy as well as one of the largest causes of PM pollution and traffic regulation.

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Variations of PM2.5, PM10 mass concentration and health assessment in Islamabad, Pakistan

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Short- to Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter on Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: KoGES

Effect of Short- to Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter on Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: KoGES

A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis on Performance Assessment of Different Solar Cookers

Particulate Matter Emission Sources and Theircontrol Technologies

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