Variations of slow eye movements as an indicator of hypnagogic state

Hiroshige, Yoshiharu

doi:10.5674/jjppp1983.5.11

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This has been supported by Hyoki et al. (1993) and Hiroshige (1987), and emphasizes the notion of SEMs as an indicator of drowsiness rather than of sleep initiation (Ogilvie et al. , 1988).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…As Maulsby and colleagues had shown in 1968, the SEMs are the very ®rst sign of sleep onset in about 50% and among the ®rst signs in another 30% of sleep onsets (see Santamaria & Chiappa, 1987). This has been supported by Hyoki et al (1993) and Hiroshige (1987), and emphasizes the notion of SEMs as an indicator of drowsiness rather than of sleep initiation (Ogilvie et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Respiratory‐like periodicities in slow eye movements during sleep onset

Rittweger

Popel

1998

Clinical Physiology

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Slow eye movements (SEMs) during sleep onset and their relationship to vegetative rhythms were investigated in six healthy, sleep-deprived subjects, yielding 143-289 SEMs in an epoch of 31.5-56 min per experiment. Exclusively, sleep in stages I and II was recorded. From the bandpass-filtered electro-oculogram (EOG) signal (cut-off frequencies 0.05 and 1 Hz), turning points of the gaze were detected and compared with the start of inspiration, which was discriminated from the abdominal respiratory excursions. SEM cycle times varied considerably more than respiratory cycle times (P < 0.05 in Levene's test). Both were preferentially of equal length, or, in some subjects, in 2:1 co-ordination. Cross-correlation histograms yielded that inspiration and SEMs were also temporally co-ordinated. Thus, there is a temporal coherence regarding the occurrence, the cycle time and the phase between SEMs and a respiratory-like rhythm. Our findings show that it is not exactly the respiratory rhythm that is mirrored in the SEMs. Rather, we favour the interpretation of an autorhythmicity that is temporarily connected to the common brainstem system in the reticular formation of the brainstem.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Respiratory‐like periodicities in slow eye movements during sleep onset

Rittweger

Popel

1998

Clinical Physiology

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“…There is increasing agreement that slow eye movement (SEM) serves as a reliable alternative for assessing drowsiness (Hori, 1982;Kojima et al, 1981;Ogilvie & Wilkinson, 1984;Ogilvie, McDonagh, & Stone, 1988;Santamaria & Chiappa, 1987). One of the present authors has found a significant linkage of SEM with lower levels of arousal, such as sleepiness, with the transitional period of sleep stage, and with difficulty in falling asleep (Hiroshige, 1987(Hiroshige, , 1992Hiroshige & Miyata, 1990). Moreover, the stage defined by the EEG and electro-oculogram (EOG) (EEG-EOG stage) is helpful for the recognition of a drowsy state even in EEG-defined wakefulness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Alpha waves were excluded since they were a dependent variable in the present study. The SEMs were identified as out-phase deflections of two horizontal EOGs with an excursion lasting no less than 500 ms and with an amplitude of 50 µV or greater (Hiroshige, 1987). The criteria for scoring EEG-EOG stages were as follows: stage W was defined as the lack of both EEG asleep patterns and SEM; stage D1 was defined as the presence of SEM without EEG asleep patterns (this stage was a mixture of stage wake and the earlier phase of stage 1, according to the standard criteria, for some epochs showed the alpha wave train and others the alpha wave intermittently); stage D2 was distinguished from stage D1 by the presence of theta waves or vertex sharp waves, roughly corresponding to the later phase of standard stage 1; and stage S was defined as the presence of spindles or K complexes without SEM, nearly identical to standard stage 2.…”

Section: Data Sampling and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemispheric Asymmetry and Regional Differences in Electroencephalographic Alpha Activity at the Wake‐Sleep Transition

Hiroshige

Дорохов

1997

Jpn Psychol Res

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Electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha activity at the wake‐sleep transition was studied in six right‐handed adults in terms of hemispheric asymmetry and regional differences. Twelve‐channel EEGs with linked mastoid references were recorded together with horizontal and vertical electro‐oculograms (EOGs). Two types of alpha coefficient were obtained every 5.12 s by computing the relative proportion of right vs. left alpha band power and of anterior vs. posterior alpha band power. Four stages were scored using EEG sleep patterns (theta waves, vertex sharp waves, spindles, and K complex) and slow eye movement (SEM): stage W had neither EEG sleep patterns nor SEM; stage D1 had SEM and no EEG sleep patterns; stage D2 had theta waves or vertex sharp waves and SEM; stage S had spindles or K complex without SEM. It was found that the two types of alpha coefficient changed as a function of EEG‐EOG stage and were correlated. Right‐decreased and anterior‐shifted alpha activities were manifest at stages D2 and S. Drowsiness was considered to be a heterogeneous state, exhibiting different spatial changes in alpha activity between stages D1 and D2.

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“…Slow eye movements (SEM), as conjugate eye movements, are prominent when subjects feel drowsy during the transition between wake and sleep 1 , 2 . The recognition of drowsiness is increasingly significant in the clinical field as well as in basic research; 3 nevertheless, very few attempts have been made of objective measurement of SEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear automatic detection of eye movements during the transition between wake and sleep

Hiroshige

1999

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Slow eye movement (SEM) are a sensitive indicator of lowered consciousness or drowsiness in man. A new computerized method for detection of SEM was introduced. A linear regression analysis was applied in each moving window for approximation to the tangent line on the electro-oculogram curve. The results revealed that SEM were more frequent and their duration was shorter at stage wake than at sleep stages 1 and 2. The method was practically suitable for objective detection and measurement of SEM.

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Variations of slow eye movements as an indicator of hypnagogic state

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Respiratory‐like periodicities in slow eye movements during sleep onset

Respiratory‐like periodicities in slow eye movements during sleep onset

Hemispheric Asymmetry and Regional Differences in Electroencephalographic Alpha Activity at the Wake‐Sleep Transition

Linear automatic detection of eye movements during the transition between wake and sleep

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