Variations of the musculofascial axillary arch with the adjacent lymph nodes

Kim, Pil-Woo

doi:10.1007/s00276-020-02544-1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, we postulated that the lymph node involvement presents in a lymphogenous phenotype of distal metastasis and that the difference in lymph node involvement is attributed to the anatomical difference between the regional lymph node network in upper and lower limbs. It can be interpreted as follows: upper limb lesions are most commonly located in the proximal humerus, close to neighboring axial nodes and vessels ( 26 ), while lower limb lesions are located near the knee joint, close to popliteal vessels but separated by muscle and interosseous membrane from the lymph network ( 27 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional lymph node involvement is associated with poorer survivorship in patients with upper extremity osteosarcoma than with lower extremity osteosarcoma: a SEER analysis

Xie¹,

Zeng²,

Tu³

et al. 2020

Transl Cancer Res TCR

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Background: Although the upper limb is the second most common site of osteosarcoma, investigations into clinical manifestation differences between upper and lower limb patients are still sporadic. We retrospectively investigated the characteristics of these patients to gain a better understanding of the differences between upper and lower limb osteosarcoma patients.Methods: This retrospective study involved patients diagnosed with extremity osteosarcoma between 1997 and 2016 collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patient characteristics were analyzed with t-tests, rank sum tests and chi-square tests. Log-rank tests were applied to evaluate univariate significance, and Cox hazards models were performed in multivariate analysis. A binary logistics regression model was used to screen the risk factors related to lymph node involvement.Results: In total, 1,882 patients, 1,588 (84.4%) with lower limb lesions and 294 (15.6%) with upper limb lesions were enrolled in our study. The patients with upper limb osteosarcoma exhibited poorer 5-year overall survival (OS) than patients with lower limb osteosarcoma (54.8% vs. 63.2%, P=0.02). The upper limb patients had more lymph node involvement (5.6% vs. 2.7%, P=0.03), which was found to be an independent prognostic factor (P=0.000). Tumors located in the upper limbs and the presence of distal metastasis were risk factors related to lymph node involvement in the extremity (P<0.05). The upper limb patients were tended to suffer greater risk of being affected by both metastasis and lymph node involvement (15.7% vs. 9.4%, P=0.18).Conclusions: Upper limb osteosarcoma patients are characterized by more lymph node involvement than lower limb patients, leading to poorer OS. In addition, upper limb patients are at greater risk for both lymph node involvement and distal metastasis. Our results suggest that upper limb patients should be screened more thoroughly for regional lymph node involvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional lymph node involvement is associated with poorer survivorship in patients with upper extremity osteosarcoma than with lower extremity osteosarcoma: a SEER analysis

Xie¹,

Zeng²,

Tu³

et al. 2020

Transl Cancer Res TCR

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Langer’s arch in axillary dissections from patients with breast cancer: a retrospective study

Arzate-Ramirez,

Ortiz-Mendoza

2023

Surg Radiol Anat

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Unilateral observation of axillary (Langer’s) arch during dissection: A case report

Almatrafi,

Shareef

2024

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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The axilla is a clinically significant region with a complex structure. One of the most common anatomical variations in this area is Langer’s axillary arch, also known as the axillopectoral muscle, pectodorsal muscle, or arcus axillaris. During a routine dissection of an embalmed elderly female cadaver for educational purposes, we identified an unusual muscle slip originating from the latissimus dorsi. This muscle crossed over the neurovascular structures in the axilla and inserted into the pectoralis major, forming a rare axillary arch (of Langer’s). This variation can be clinically relevant, as it may cause neurovascular compression, leading to conditions like thoracic outlet syndrome, hyperabduction syndrome, or median nerve entrapment. Recognizing this arch before surgery is important in axillary and breast reconstruction procedures, allowing surgeons to decide whether to preserve or cut the arch during the operation.

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Variations of the musculofascial axillary arch with the adjacent lymph nodes

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Regional lymph node involvement is associated with poorer survivorship in patients with upper extremity osteosarcoma than with lower extremity osteosarcoma: a SEER analysis

Regional lymph node involvement is associated with poorer survivorship in patients with upper extremity osteosarcoma than with lower extremity osteosarcoma: a SEER analysis

Langer’s arch in axillary dissections from patients with breast cancer: a retrospective study

Unilateral observation of axillary (Langer’s) arch during dissection: A case report

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