Variations on Li3N protective coating using ex-situ and in-situ techniques for Li° in sulphur batteries

Baloch, Marya; Shanmukaraj, Devaraj; Bondarchuk, Oleksandr; Bekaert, Émilie; Rojo, Teófilo; Armand, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2017.06.016

Cited by 78 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the last ten years, the soaring interest in Li–sulfur and Li–air batteries has intensified these efforts of suppressing dendrite growth, and the associated research can be classified into five categories 17 – 19 : (i) replacing Li metal with a LiX alloy (X = Al, Si, C, etc.) to alleviate the concerns of dendrite growth, (ii) designing high-modulus solid electrolytes (including inorganic, polymer, and hybrid) to suppress dendrite penetration 20 – 22 , (iii) optimizing electrolyte components (especially additives for SEI stabilization) or developing stable modified interfaces to reinforce SEI formation and prevent dendrite propagation 13 , 23 , 24 , (iv) manipulating the nanoarchitectures of the Li-metal anode and minimizing electrode dimension variation by stable hosts, skeleton structures, or metal current collectors 15 , 25 – 29 , and (v) constructing a robust and electrochemically stable upper interfacial layer for Li-metal anodes 10 , 30 – 36 . All five strategies are effective for improving SEI stability and suppressing dendritic Li growth to some extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithiophilic-lithiophobic gradient interfacial layer for a highly stable lithium metal anode

et al. 2018

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The long-standing issue of lithium dendrite growth during repeated deposition or dissolution processes hinders the practical use of lithium-metal anodes for high-energy density batteries. Here, we demonstrate a promising lithiophilic–lithiophobic gradient interfacial layer strategy in which the bottom lithiophilic zinc oxide/carbon nanotube sublayer tightly anchors the whole layer onto the lithium foil, facilitating the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase, and prevents the formation of an intermediate mossy lithium corrosion layer. Together with the top lithiophobic carbon nanotube sublayer, this gradient interfacial layer can effectively suppress dendrite growth and ensure ultralong-term stable lithium stripping/plating. This strategy is further demonstrated to provide substantially improved cycle performance in copper current collector, 10 cm2 pouch cell and lithium–sulfur batteries, which, coupled with a simple fabrication process and wide applicability in various materials for lithium-metal protection, makes the lithiophilic–lithiophobic gradient interfacial layer a favored strategy for next-generation lithium-metal batteries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithiophilic-lithiophobic gradient interfacial layer for a highly stable lithium metal anode

et al. 2018

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“…To overcome the lithium dendrites and volume change issues, some strategies including artificial solid electrolyte interface (SEI) (Li 3 PO 4 , Li 3 N, and LiF‐containing SEI layers), advanced electrolytes (solid electrolytes, hybrid electrolytes) and 3D hosts (nickel foams, graphene oxide foams, etc.) have been exploited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perpendicular MXene Arrays with Periodic Interspaces toward Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes with High‐Rate Capabilities

Cao

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Although lithium metal is an ultimate anode material for lithium-based batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity, the uncontrollable dendrites and infinite volume change associated with poor rate capabilities are stagnating its practical applications. Here, a new type of perpendicular MXene-Li array is developed with tunable MXene walls and constant space in between as anodes for lithium metal batteries. Such perpendicular MXene arrays possess dual periodic interspaces, i.e., nanometer-scale interspaces in MXene walls and micrometer-scale interspaces between MXene walls. The former interspaces are favorable for the fast transfer of lithium ions upon stripping and plating, and the latter enables efficiently homogenization of the electric field, leading to a good high-rate capability up to 20 mA cm −2 . More importantly, the notorious lightning rod effect and volume change are efficiently inhibited in such perpendicular MXene arrays, giving rise to a dendrite-free lithium anode with a low potential of 25 mV, a high capacity of 2056 mAh g −1 , and good cycle stability up to 1700 h. layers [10,11] ), advanced electrolytes (solid electrolytes, [12] hybrid electrolytes [13,14] ) and 3D hosts (nickel foams, [15,16] graphene oxide foams, [17][18][19][20] etc.) have been exploited. In particular, 3D hosts enable to significantly promote the transfer of lithium ions or electrons, dramatically improving the cycle life and inhibiting the volume change during repeated stripping and plating processes. To date, 3D hosts can be simply divided into two categories: insulated hosts and electrically conductive hosts. The insulated 3D hosts commonly include glass fiber (GF) cloths, [21] ZnO coated polyimide matrix, [22] and oxidized polyacrylonitrile nanofiber networks, [23] which can homogenize the lithium flux and enhance the transportation of lithium ions. In comparison, electrically conductive 3D hosts are common carbon nanotube sponges, [24] Cu frameworks, [25] reduced graphene oxide foams, [26] 3D graphitic carbon foams, [27] which enable to homogenize both electrical field and lithium ion flux. However, for above 3D hosts, their pores were usually disordered, far from the ideal ordered structures. Very recently, some hosts with periodic and uniform pores or channels have been explored, including vertically aligned 3D hosts including porous polyimide/lithium arrays, [28] glass fiber/ lithium arrays, [29] Cu microchannels, [30] and vertically oriented lithium-copper-lithium arrays. [31] These periodic upright structures are not only favorable for the fast transfer of both lithium ion and electron, but providing abundant interior spaces for lithium plating. Thus, these vertically aligned hosts show improved high-rate capabilities as applied for lithium-based batteries. Unfortunately, in such 3D hosts, the lightning rod effect becomes more severe, causing substantial lithium dendrites growing at the top end of the aligned walls. [30,31] Moreover, upon deep stripping and plating, lithium is still prone to mainly grow on the ...

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“…[101] This result is attributed to the formation of astable and highly conducting SEI layer, thereby preventing the reaction of the Li 0 electrode with the electrolyte constituents,d endrite growth, and reaction of PS with the Li 0 electrode.B aloch et al used 0.1m azidotrimethylsilane,[ (CH 3 ) 3 SiN 3 ], as ap recursor to Li 3 N, and the corresponding Li-S cell delivered ad ischarge capacity of 983 mAh g À1 after 20 cycles. [102] After this,the cell with additives did not show any improvement compared to the reference electrolyte and the authors suggested it could be due to the non-uniform deposition of Li 3 No nt he Li 0 anode surface.…”

Section: N-generating Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolyte Additives for Lithium Metal Anodes and Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries: Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2018

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Lithium metal (Li ) rechargeable batteries (LMBs), such as systems with a Li anode and intercalation and/or conversion type cathode, lithium-sulfur (Li-S), and lithium-oxygen (O )/air (Li-O /air) batteries, are becoming increasingly important for electrifying the modern transportation system, with the aim of sustainable mobility. Although some rechargeable LMBs (e.g. Li /LiFePO batteries from Bolloré Bluecar, Li-S batteries from OXIS Energy and Sion Power) are already commercially viable in niche applications, their large-scale deployment is hampered by a number of formidable challenges, including growth of lithium dendrites, electrolyte instability towards high voltage intercalation-type cathodes, the poor electronic and ionic conductivities of sulfur (S ) and O , as well as their corresponding reduction products (e.g. Li S and Li O), dissolution, and shuttling of polysulfide (PS) intermediates. This leads to a short lifecycle, low coulombic/energy efficiency, poor safety, and a high self-discharge rate. The use of electrolyte additives is considered one of the most economical and effective approaches for circumventing these problems. This Review gives an overview of the various functional additives that are being applied and aims to stimulate new avenues for the practical realization of these appealing devices.

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Variations on Li3N protective coating using ex-situ and in-situ techniques for Li° in sulphur batteries

Cited by 78 publications

References 19 publications

Lithiophilic-lithiophobic gradient interfacial layer for a highly stable lithium metal anode

Lithiophilic-lithiophobic gradient interfacial layer for a highly stable lithium metal anode

Perpendicular MXene Arrays with Periodic Interspaces toward Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes with High‐Rate Capabilities

Electrolyte Additives for Lithium Metal Anodes and Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries: Progress and Perspectives

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