Varicella-zoster virus associated encephalitis in a patient undergoing haemodialysis

Abed, Yasser W. Al-Mula

doi:10.5339/qmj.2015.19

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Further, immunocompromised individuals and some immunocompetent adults with varicella negative history were at high risk of developing serious clinical conditions. The most reported complications due to varicella infection in the Middle East was CNS involvements followed by skin diseases,[ 25 26 37 41 51 54 68 72 73 104 ] varicella pneumonia,[ 24 32 33 37 41 ] and gastric diseases. [ 97 ] Varicella infection is often more severe and has high complication rate in adults than in children, and childhood vaccination is the only way to protect those susceptible adults of developing serious illnesses after varicella exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 36 ] Another case study reported the serious complications resulted from primary VZV infection in a patient undergoing hemodialysis. [ 37 ] The patient was a 70-year-old male presented with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis; he was diagnosed for VZV encephalitis and was treated with intravenous acyclovir and steroids with full recovery back to preadmission neurological status. The study emphasized the role of varicella complications especially in immunosuppressed patients and the need for zoster vaccination in dialysis patients.…”

Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study emphasized the role of varicella complications especially in immunosuppressed patients and the need for zoster vaccination in dialysis patients. [ 37 ] In Oman, varicella vaccination was introduced into the compulsory vaccination schedule in 2010. [ 36 ]…”

Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicella infection in the Middle East: Prevalence, complications, and vaccination

Al-Turab

Chehadeh

2018

J Res Med Sci

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Varicella (chickenpox) is the primary infection of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), it is a mild self-limiting infection, but it is also highly contagious and can cause severe complications among high-risk group of individuals. It is usually a childhood infection providing lifelong immunity, but adults without varicella history are also susceptible to infection. High-risk group of individuals is more likely to develop serious complications. Varicella vaccine was introduced to protect this group of individuals and to prevent epidemic spread of VZV infection in a community. Thus, it was added to the recommended vaccination schedules for children in most developed countries. This review aimed to outline varicella status, seroprevalence, complications, and vaccination in the Middle East region. Based on our findings, children were the most affected age group, but there are also adult cases due to high number of expatriates, especially in Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Central nervous system involvements and skin diseases followed by varicella pneumonia were the most varicella-associated complications. Varicella vaccine was introduced in most Middle East countries, either mandatory by the Ministries of Health or optional in the private clinics. Few numbers of studies have reported an obvious reduction in varicella prevalence, hospitalizations, and deaths in the Middle East following varicella vaccination. A basic database about varicella infection before the initiation and implementation of a vaccination policy is essential to determine the target group of individuals. As far as our knowledge, this is the first review about varicella infection in the Middle East.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicella infection in the Middle East: Prevalence, complications, and vaccination

Al-Turab

Chehadeh

2018

J Res Med Sci

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“…It has been noted that patients on hemodialysis have an increased risk of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections compared to the general population. [ 4 ] Risk factors for cranial herpes infection include dissemination and immunosuppression. Tremors and disorientation are the most common clinical manifestations, seen in 40% of people each, while agitation and hallucinations are seen in 22 and 25% of cases, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual neurological syndrome in a haemodialysis patient

Jose

Jayaprakash²,

Deiva

et al. 2021

Indian J Nephrol

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Advanced age and immunosuppressed states allow for complications of herpes zoster such as encephalitis. In this case report, we describe a patient with encephalopathy two days after initiation of antiviral therapy. After the necessary imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, it became evident that the neurological syndrome was due to acyclovir. Despite currently practised renal dose modification, the patient developed acyclovir-induced neurotoxicity and required intensification of his dialysis schedule to eliminate the drug. Acyclovir-induced neurotoxicity is a rare clinical presentation and presents a clinical dilemma to the physician who has to distinguish this entity from herpes zoster encephalitis and posterior circulation stroke.

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Varicella-zoster virus associated encephalitis in a patient undergoing haemodialysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Varicella infection in the Middle East: Prevalence, complications, and vaccination

Varicella infection in the Middle East: Prevalence, complications, and vaccination

An unusual neurological syndrome in a haemodialysis patient

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