Varietal differences and environmental effects on fibre extracted from<i>Phormium</i>leaves and prepared for traditional Maori weaving

Harris, W.; Scheele, Suzanne M.; Forrester, Guy; Kanawa, Kahutoi Te; Murray, Margaret; Pahewa, Edna

doi:10.1080/00288250809509779

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This assessment can be most readily ascribed to the difficulty of extracting muka from these varieties and the thinness of the extracted fibre (Table 5). This is in accord with the results of extraction of muka from the full length of blade strips (Harris et al 2008) and the classification of them as plaiting varieties (Scheele 2005;Harris et al 2007). Orchiston (Scheele 2005) commented that Paretaniwha was "not heavy enough for piupiu".…”

Section: Qualitative Assessmentssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…in previous work, another leaf from each plant was used to measure the physical characteristics of the whole leaf (Harris et al 2005b). another was divided into plaiting (raranga) strips (Harris et al 2007), and another was stripped to provide muka for whatu (twining weaving) (Harris et al 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of cuts made varied according to the length of the blade strip and the need to have a section of extracted fibre towards the tip of the blade to miro into threads to plait into the waistband. The section of the blade above the uppermost transverse cut was stripped by the haro method to extract the muka (fibre) (see Harris et al 2008) using the sharp edge of a mussel shell (Fig. 1B).…”

Section: Preparation Of the Piupiu Strandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, although not attaining statistical significance, the low percentage (50%) of strips that were considered suitable for piupiu at Blenheim (Table 2) related to low scores for ease of marking and extraction and the thickness of extracted muka (Table 4) at this site. These effects may be related to the observation that muka extracted from the full length of blades was more prone to breakage for plants grown at Blenheim (Harris et al 2008).…”

Section: Qualitative Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leaves used to prepare the strands came from 12 Maori weaving varieties of Phormium from the Orchiston collection, grown in experimental blocks at a range of sites in New Zealand. The same varieties were used in studies to describe the growth (Harris et al 2005a), characterisation of leaves harvested (Harris et al 2005b), and properties of plaiting strips (Harris et al 2007) and extracted fibre (Harris et al 2008). Harris et al (2005a) and Scheele (2004) give information about the biological, cultural, and historical background of the study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varietal and environmental influences on the properties of strands prepared fromPhormiumleaves to make the Maori garment piupiu

Harris

Scheele

Forrester

et al. 2009

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Strands that are elements of the traditional Maori piupiu skirt were prepared from leaf blades of 12 varieties of Phormium grown at nine New Zealand sites to determine characteristics of leaves from which good quality piupiu can be made. The experimental design allowed separation of varietal and environmental effects on these characteristics. Qualitative assessments were made of the ease of marking of patterns on strands and separation of fibre (muka) to show patterns and to join strands together, and the suitability of strands to make piupiu of various sizes. Prepared pairs of strands were joined by rolling together muka separated from the strand tips (miro), before boiling and drying ready for plaiting into piupiu waistbands. lengths of the miro and patterned sections, dry weights, diameters, and the extent of rolling of strands were recorded. The varieties Paoa and Paretaniwha were unsuitable for piupiu. The others had various faults or characteristics suitable for different types of piupiu. kohunga, Ngaro, Parekoretawa, and Tapamangu had the best combinations of characters. Growing conditions at the 11 sites had a small effect on the qualitative characteristics of the leaves but an important impact on leaf size of the different varieties.

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Section: Qualitative Assessmentssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of the Piupiu Strandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Varietal and environmental influences on the properties of strands prepared fromPhormiumleaves to make the Maori garment piupiu

Harris

Scheele

Forrester

et al. 2009

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Conservation Theory and Practice: Materials, Values, and People in Heritage Conservation

Sully¹

2015

The International Handbooks of Museum Studies

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Conservation, as an emerging discipline, is mutually constituted with the heritage institutions in which it is practiced. Professional conservators have been amending the focus of their work, from attending to the material preservation of heritage spaces, places, and objects, toward the values that people have for their cultural heritage. This chapter describes an alternative conservation product, which is entangled within the multiple interactions between objects and people developed during the conservation event. This reflects a shift in focus from the materials from which conservation objects are composed, to the aspirations of the people who are affected by the conservation of their heritage. This challenges conventional heritage conservation practice, by privileging a community's cultural systems over universalized concepts of heritage. As a result, conservation practice requires principles, policies, and guidelines that help conservators to engage people in decision‐making about their heritage. New frameworks for understanding conservation practice enable creative and diverse solutions within heritage conservation. This is described in this chapter in terms of materials‐, values‐, and peoples‐based approach to conservation. This allows heritage conservation to address the social issues of the present and engage the future, rather than merely seeking to fix the past. In so doing, it validates conservation responses that seek to incorporate the multiple ways that people care for and use their own cultural heritage.

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Accelerated hydrothermal degradation of fibres of Phormium tenax (New Zealand flax)

Weston

Smith

Scheele

et al. 2012

Journal of Cultural Heritage

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Varietal differences and environmental effects on fibre extracted fromPhormiumleaves and prepared for traditional Maori weaving

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Varietal and environmental influences on the properties of strands prepared fromPhormiumleaves to make the Maori garment piupiu

Varietal and environmental influences on the properties of strands prepared fromPhormiumleaves to make the Maori garment piupiu

Conservation Theory and Practice: Materials, Values, and People in Heritage Conservation

Accelerated hydrothermal degradation of fibres of Phormium tenax (New Zealand flax)

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