Varieties of vigilantism: conceptual discord, meaning and strategies

Moncada, Eduardo

doi:10.1080/17440572.2017.1374183

Cited by 78 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Haas, de Keijser and Bruinsma (2014) also defined vigilantism as: ‘a planned criminal act, carried out by a private citizen in response to (the perceived threat of) a crime committed by a private citizen, targeting the (alleged) perpetrator of that crime’ (p.226). While the notion of planning or premeditation is emphasised in these definitions of vigilantism, there is recognition that vigilante acts may also be spontaneous as in the case of mob justice (Martin 2010; Moncada 2017). Drawing on these conceptualisations, vigilantism can be defined as a premeditated or spontaneous act involving the use or threat of violence by individuals who do not possess official legitimate power in response to an alleged criminal act or a behaviour that violates the norms associated with an institutionalised order (Haas, Keijser and Bruinsma 2012; Moncada 2017; Tankebe 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…While the notion of planning or premeditation is emphasised in these definitions of vigilantism, there is recognition that vigilante acts may also be spontaneous as in the case of mob justice (Martin 2010; Moncada 2017). Drawing on these conceptualisations, vigilantism can be defined as a premeditated or spontaneous act involving the use or threat of violence by individuals who do not possess official legitimate power in response to an alleged criminal act or a behaviour that violates the norms associated with an institutionalised order (Haas, Keijser and Bruinsma 2012; Moncada 2017; Tankebe 2009). While practices such as hanging, burning, shooting, and stoning are typically considered lethal, practices such as beating, whipping, and torture, which are considered non‐lethal (Moncada 2017), can have lethal outcomes depending on severity.…”

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Vigilantism in Ghana: Trends, Victim Characteristics, and Reported Reasons

Adzimah‐Alade¹,

Akotia

Annor

et al. 2020

Howard J Crime Justice

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Vigilantism is gaining popularity in Africa as a means of self‐defence, enacting justice, policing morality, and sanctioning (perceived) wrongdoings. Drawing on content analysis of 172 media reports from 2001 to 2018, this study examined the trends and patterns of vigilantism, characteristics of victims, and reported reasons for recourse to vigilantism within the Ghanaian context. Results showed a considerable increase in reported cases of vigilantism within the 18‐year period, with most of the cases reported in urban settings. Theft and robbery emerged as the most frequently suspected crimes for which victims were attacked and, in many cases, killed. The study underscores the implications of vigilantism in terms of disdaining human life and dignity. It calls for the need to revisit the justice administration systems and punishment procedures, as well as resourcing and empowering law enforcers to fight crime, including vigilantism.

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confidence: 99%

Vigilantism in Ghana: Trends, Victim Characteristics, and Reported Reasons

Adzimah‐Alade¹,

Akotia

Annor

et al. 2020

Howard J Crime Justice

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“…33Definitions of vigilantism are contested. I adopt the following broad definition: “the collective use or threat of extra‐legal violence in response to an alleged criminal act” (Moncada 2017, 403).…”

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“Nobody wants to kill”

Osterhoudt

2020

American Ethnologist

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Vanilla prices in Madagascar have reached historic highs. For the country's vanilla-producing smallholders, the influx of new wealth has resulted in profound affective changes-in large part owing to vanilla theft, which has become widespread. Anxiety and anger are rampant in vanilla-producing communities, and these feelings are increasingly channeled into deadly mob violence against accused thieves. Rather than random acts, these extrajudicial killings are structured by localized cultural, material, and affective forms, as people enact and embody commodity violence in intimate, often contradictory ways. Commodity violence emerges as an additional form of unwanted emotional and physical labor for smallholders. With the vanilla market, as with commodity markets more generally, it is those with the least to gain who are disproportionately exposed to violence and harm. [commodity booms, affect, structure of feeling, vigilante violence, smallholders, vanilla, Madagascar] Niakatra be ny vidin'ny lavaný ao Madagasikara tato hoato. Nisy fiantraikany goavana amin'ireo mpamokatra lavaný madinika ao antoerana anefa izany fiakarana harena vaovao izany-indrindra nohon'ny halatra lavaný izay nirongatra be ihany tato hoato. Manjaka loatra ny tahotra sy ny hatezerana eny anivon'ny fiaraha-monin'ny mpamokatra lavaný, hany ka lasa mampihatra fitsaràm-bahoaka amin'ireo voapanga sy voatonontonona ho mpangalatra ny olona. Tsy tongatonga hoazy anefa izany fitsaràm-bahoaka izany, fa zavatra volavolain'ny olona avy amin'ny kolotsaina sy ny dinam-pokonolona eo antoerana, ampiharina amin'ireo manao herisetra aterakin'ny fiakaran'ny vidim-bokatra, izay matetika mifanohitra amin'ny fomba tokony ho izy ihany. Lasa manampy trotraka ny fahasahiranan'ny mpamokatra madinika ny fisian'ny herisetra aterakin'ny fiakaran'ny vidim-bokatra, na ara-pihetseham-pó izany, na ara-batana. Ireo mpamokatra madinika no tena iharan'ny voina sy fahavoazana, na eo amin'ny sehatry ny tsenan'ny lavaný izany, na eo amin'ny sehatry ny tsenam-bokatra ankapobeny. [firoboroboam-bokatra, fiantraika, fifandroritan-kevitra, fitsaràm-bahoaka, mpamokatra madinika, lavaný, Madagasikara] Le cours de la vanille à Madagascar a atteint de nouveaux records. Pour les petits producteurs de vanille du pays, cette nouvelle richesse est venue avec de profonds changements affectifs en grande partie dus à l'explosion des vols de vanille. L'anxiété et la colère qui sévissent dans les communautés productrices de vanille se manifestent de plus en plus par le lynchage des individus mis en cause. Loin d'être aléatoires, ces exécutions extrajudiciaires sont l'expression de formes culturelles, matérielles et affectives localisées qui se manifestent par l'adoption et l'incarnation de la brutalité marchande de manières intimes et souvent contradictoires. Pour les petits producteurs, cette brutalité marchande apparaît comme une tâche émotionnelle et physique indésirable qui s'ajoute dans le cadre de leur travail. Sur le marché de la vanille, comme c'est le cas en général sur les marchés des produi...

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“…Rosenbaum and Sederberg (1976) classic typology of vigilantism, for instance, lies upon motivational dimensions only, identifying crime control, social control, and regime control as the key points of conceptual variation. Theoretically, what has followed is a split over the nature of such motives, with most scholarship identifying vigilantism as inherently conservative or reactionary, whilst others have understood it as ideologically neutral or even progressive (Moncada, 2017). Whichever the perspective, collective action has generally been assumed wherever there is a collective interest demanding it, so long as the state tolerates it.…”

Section: Hipólito Mora Autodefensa Leader (La Ruana Michoacán)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insurgent Vigilantism and Drug War in Mexico

Wolff

2020

Journal of Politics in Latin America

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The proliferation of armed, anti-crime self-defence groups ( autodefensas) in Mexico since 2013 has sparked renewed scholarly interest in vigilantism and the politics of collective violence more generally. Whilst most of this recent scholarship attempts to explain where and why such groups emerge in the first place, very little attention has been paid to the micro-foundations of vigilante organisation and behaviour. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in Mexico in 2018, and incorporating theoretical insights from the social movements, civil war, and organised crime literatures, this paper examines the political strategies and collection action regimes of contemporary vigilante mobilisation. I argue that vigilante groups in Mexico employ the tactics of popular insurgency both as a negotiating tool to influence government behaviour or policy, and as a primary mechanism to overcome collection action problems in high-risk environments.

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Varieties of vigilantism: conceptual discord, meaning and strategies

Cited by 78 publications

References 48 publications

Vigilantism in Ghana: Trends, Victim Characteristics, and Reported Reasons

Vigilantism in Ghana: Trends, Victim Characteristics, and Reported Reasons

“Nobody wants to kill”

Insurgent Vigilantism and Drug War in Mexico

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