Various carbon/nitrogen ratios in a biofloc-based rearing system of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings: Effect on growth performance, immune response, and serum biochemistry

Azimi, Azim; Shekarabi, Seyed Pezhman Hosseini; Paknejad, Hamed; Harsij, Mohammad; Khorshidi, Zohre; Zolfaghari, Mehdi; Hatami, Abdo-Salam; Dawood, Mahmoud A.O.; Mazloumi, Nasataran; Zakariaee, Hamideh

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737622

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Concerning elvers' performance, results in terms of somatic growth and survival are shown in Table 5. Similar results in terms of growth performance and elvers' survival were found in the current study when compared to elvers reared in RAS units [26,30,53,54], which indicated that this species and stage of development adapted well to biofloc systems, especially to the high levels of TSS in the water. The proper results in terms of growth performance and body condition (Fulton's condition factor) suggested that the presence of large amounts of suspended solids did not interfere with the palatability of the feed or the olfactory sensitivity of the eels [26,54].…”

Section: Ash (%)supporting

confidence: 87%

Rearing European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Elvers in a Biofloc System

Vinatea,

Carbó,

Andree

et al. 2023

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

European eel (Anguilla anguilla) elvers (initial body weight (BW) = 3 g) were raised in triplicate for 60 days in a biofloc system (BFT) at 21 °C. Data from the current first study evaluating this farming technology indicated that European eel elvers adapted well to BFT systems as data on growth performance (specific growth rate = 1.48% ± 0.13 BW/day and FCR = 1.05 ± 0.09) indicated, with production costs using BFT being lower than conventional RAS units. The most critical issues associated with this aquaculture system were the maintenance of the biofloc in tanks by the regular addition of refined sugar (46% C) to keep a relationship for C:N of 20:1, and the prevention of emergence of opportunistic pathogens like the monogenean Pseudodactylogyrus sp. The overall results of this study in terms of elvers’ performance and quality and the composition of the biofloc material and its microbial composition indicated that BFT, which is considered to be one of the most cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly farming systems due to its zero water exchange and improvement of feed conversion ratio by the dietary contribution of bioflocs, may be satisfactorily used for farming European eels elvers at a density of 2 kg/m3. However, further studies are needed to test this technology with older eel stages.

show abstract

Section: Ash (%)supporting

confidence: 87%

Rearing European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Elvers in a Biofloc System

Vinatea,

Carbó,

Andree

et al. 2023

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of an effective carbon source can influence both the aquatic microbial community and the nutritional composition of biofloc [32]. Various studies have demonstrated that biofloc in culture medium enhances fish growth and immunity [33,34]. In the current study, we evaluated the growth performance, body composition, haematological, and serum biochemical parameters of C. carpio fingerlings grown in three different biofloc systems with different carbon sources, as well as the degree of resistance to bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophilia) they exhibit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofloc System with Different Carbon Sources Improved Growth, Haematology, Nonspecific Immunity, and Resistivity against the Aeromonas hydrophila in Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio

Tasleem,

Alotaibi,

Masud

et al. 2024

Aquaculture Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biofloc technology (BFT) is one of the most sustainable aquaculture system, which is based on the principle of nutrient recycling and addition of carbon to enable heterotrophic microorganisms to the system. To evaluate the performance of the biofloc culture system for Cyprinus carpio fingerlings, a 60-day growth trial was conducted. The fingerlings (n = 600) of average body weight (4.92 g ± 0.14) were stocked in 12 circular fiberglass tanks (300 L, volume 10.59 cft) to form three biofloc treatments (T1, T2, and T3) along with one control group. The carbon sources for treatments were sugarcane molasses, tapioca, and wheat. The C/N ratio of 15 was maintained for all treatments. After 60 days of rearing, the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, and the relative percentage survival (RPS) was observed over 14 days. A haematological, nonspecific immune, and stress parameters were analyzed using blood and serum samples collected at intervals of 20, 40, and 60 days. According to the results, the carbon sources affected the water quality parameters but were still adequate for fish welfare. An increased biofloc volume was observed with tapioca. Growth performance and better feed conversion ratio were recorded in biofloc with the tapioca group. The hematological parameters, including haemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly (P <0.05) higher in biofloc-based tapioca group than in other treatments and control. Further, the serum protein, globulin, albumin, total immunoglobulin, and respiratory burst activity were also found significantly (P <0.05) higher in biofloc with tapioca as carbon source. However, the lysozyme activity was higher in biofloc with the wheat group. The RPS in tapioca was significantly higher, followed by biofloc with wheat. In conclusion, the tapioca-based biofloc can improve C. carpio growth, haematology, and nonspecific immune response under zero water exchange.

show abstract

“…Biofloc system as a robust immunomodulatory system for fish due to its peculiar composition that includes phytosterols, carotenoids, bromophenols, bioactive compounds, etc. (Azimi et al, 2022; Xu & Pan, 2013). Further, fishes in BFTM showed higher activities of these parameters than those of BFTW and control, reiterating the fact of carbon sources to have profound impact on biofloc composition and development of immune‐stimulation ability in reared fingerling (Mirzakhani et al, 2019; Shourbela et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening wheat flour and molasses as carbon sources in biofloc system for increasing growth and non‐specific immune responses of pengba, Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes)

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High density fingerling rearing of pengba, Osteobrama belangeri in biofloc system was carried out for 45 days with wheat flour and molasses as two carbon sources to maintain C/N ratio of 15:1. Effect of biofloc was evaluated in terms of water quality changes, fish growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, non‐specific immune system and antioxidants enzyme activities. Use of the two carbon sources ensured prevalence of better growing environment, higher digestive and antioxidant enzymatic activities, ultimately leading to higher fish growth, as compared to control. Further between the two carbon sources, use of wheat flour caused significant increase in the activities of digestive enzymes, amylase and total protease (p < .05); antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and catalase; increase in serum total protein, albumin and globulin, as compared to molasses, ultimately leading to higher growth. However, non‐specific immune parameters such as respiratory burst activity in blood, lysozyme activity, and myeloperoxidase activity in serum were higher (p < .05) in fish reared with molasses. Such result while indicated benefits of additional carbon source, it also revealed wheat flour to be a better source for carbon supplementation than molasses in biofloc system during the high‐density fingerling rearing of O. belangeri.

show abstract

Various carbon/nitrogen ratios in a biofloc-based rearing system of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings: Effect on growth performance, immune response, and serum biochemistry

Cited by 19 publications

References 56 publications

Rearing European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Elvers in a Biofloc System

Rearing European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Elvers in a Biofloc System

Biofloc System with Different Carbon Sources Improved Growth, Haematology, Nonspecific Immunity, and Resistivity against the Aeromonas hydrophila in Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio

Screening wheat flour and molasses as carbon sources in biofloc system for increasing growth and non‐specific immune responses of pengba, Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About