Various Mode of Presentation of Oligohydramnios in Patients Admitted in BSMMU: A Hospital Based Study

Abstract

Introduction: Oligohydramnios is a pregnancy disorder characterized by a shortage of amniotic fluid volume. It is a rather common obstetric complication that has severe effects on the health of both the mother and the fetus. Early identification is essential for prompt diagnosis and therapy because the clinical appearance of oligohydramnios can vary greatly. This study aimed to investigate the various modes of presentation of oligohydramnios in patients admitted to Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out on the admitted patients at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from February to July 2008 (6 months). A total of fifty women (N=50) having Oligohydramnios in pregnancy were included in the study. Completed data forms were reviewed, edited, and processed for computer data entry. The data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0.The ethical clearance of this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Results: The mean age of the mothers was 25.8 years and two-fifths of the mothers (20, 40.0%) belonged to 21-25 years old. Twenty-three mothers (23, 46.0%) were nulliparous. Of fifty mothers (N=50), eighteen (18, 36.0%) had borderline oligohydramnios and thirty-two (32, 64.0%) had severe oligohydramnios. Normal CTG tracing was found in eighteen patients (18, 36.0%) and abnormal CTG was found in thirty-two patients (32, 64%) (p < 0.01) which was statistically significant. Among the alive babies after initial resuscitation, twenty-three babies (23, 50.0%) were required to get admitted. Twelve admitted babies (12,52.2%) stayed in the neonatal ward for <7 days and among them one baby (1,8.3%) died, nine babies (9,39.1%) were treated for 7—21 days, among them two babies (2,22.2%) could not survive and two babies were treated for more than 21 days but could not survive. Conclusion: According to the findings, severe oligohydramnios was linked to a higher risk of cesarean delivery, higher APGAR ratings, and probable issues that would necessitate neonatal admission and care.