Various perspectives of labor and human resources challenges and changes due to automation and artificial intelligence.

Abstract

The constant technological changes and its impact in the labor force are causing a domino effect that can change corporate culture, laws and workers in upcoming years. The importance of Artificial Intelligence for companies is also a mayor subject that may cause conflicts among cities around the world. Seasonal workers, 24 hours contracts, and informal methods of employments are reducing the possibilities of collective agreements and job satisfaction. Consequently, the so-called “Information Society”, labor modifications and role transformations have played a key role and have had an ascending evolution. There are different jobs that have been relegated to a substantial change in different industries due to all the information technology advances and robotics innovations. This process will increase in upcoming decades by establishing new types of jobs to sustain this changing economy. The controversy starts when this “macro” and “micro” vision collide with those people who have been dismissed due to the automation process. Because of the facts mentioned and current market trends, we can confirm that digital changes and transformations will continue to increase.

Unlocking the Path to AI Adoption: Antecedents to Behavioral Intentions in Utilizing AI for Effective Job (Re)Design

“…On the other hand, there are persistent worries about ethical implications (Rodgers et al, 2023), the danger of over-dependence on AI systems (Tambe et al, 2019), algorithmic prejudice (Chen, 2023), errors in the system (Tambe et al, 2019), and similar. Even though in our opinion, AI can't completely replace the work of an HR professional, experts are right to question how much AI can or potentially could automate HR functions like recruitment and selection (Hmoud & Laszlo, 2019) or smaller HR-related tasks (Pérez & Falótico, 2019;Charlwood & Guenole, 2022).…”

Employees’ perception of value-added activity increase of Robotic Process Automation with time and cost efficiency: a case study

“…Therefore, there is a high expectation of labor cost reduction when software-enabled automation is installed in companies. The past literature claims that the implementation of RPA tools also increases the product and service quality, which improves the operational performance with the elimination of human labor heavy tasks to robots while reducing the labor cost [1], [19], [20], [40].…”

“…The profit needs to exceed the cost of investment in RPA to motivate companies to install it for their processes [21]. The cost of RPA implementation is asserted to be less than the labor cost; however, inefficient processes and tasks that contain errors increase the cost of development and investment in RPA [4], [20]. Thus, the extent to which a cost reduction is achieved with the RPA adoption compared with human labor is not clear because of the additional costs for the maintenance of the RPA system after its implementation.…”

“…Personal skills, creativity, and productivity are the main components of the development and adoption of high technologies in companies. RPA is a rule-based system that automates routine tasks and cannot mimic the actions and behaviors performed by humans [15], [20]. Eliminating the repetitive processes from tasks can change human resource activities in business units.…”

“…Value-added activity transformation for employees shows that RPA implementation does not cut the total employment rate in business units [1]. Nevertheless, RPA tools improve employees' conditions, allowing them to perform multiple tasks with developed skills and strategic views on business tasks [20]. Implementing different algorithms to the business processes reshape human and algorithm relations over time without replacing human work.…”