Vascular Adaptations to Habitual Exercise in Older Adults: Time for the Sex Talk

Moreau, Kerrie L.; Ozemek, Cemal

doi:10.1249/jes.0000000000000104

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The importance of CRF is further increased considering a Moderate CRF level decreases the risk of MetS and related comorbidities (Kaminsky et al ; Adams‐Campbell et al ). Habitual exercise is a useful lifestyle intervention to both increase CRF and decrease MetS risk factors, although beneficial effects of exercise interventions on cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women are not always apparent, related to loss of estrogen (Moreau and Ozemek, ). Thus, future studies are warranted to uncover mechanisms underlying cardiovascular adaptions and optimal training interventions for postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Habitual exercise is a useful lifestyle intervention to both increase CRF and decrease MetS risk factors, although beneficial effects of exercise ª 2019 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society interventions on cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women are not always apparent, related to loss of estrogen (Moreau and Ozemek, 2017). Thus, future studies are warranted to uncover mechanisms underlying cardiovascular adaptions and optimal training interventions for postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulating microRNAs and endothelial cell migration rate are associated with metabolic syndrome and fitness level in postmenopausal African American women

et al. 2019

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Postmenopausal African American women are at elevated risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), which predisposes them to cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Circulating microRNAs (ci‐miR) are potential mediators of cardiometabolic diseases also impacted by cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level. Using real‐time quantitative PCR, we compared the expression of vascular‐related ci‐miRs (miR‐21‐5p, miR‐92a‐3p, miR‐126‐5p, miR‐146a‐5p, miR‐150‐5p, miR‐221‐3p) in sedentary, overweight/obese, postmenopausal African American women based on 1) presence ( n = 31) or absence ( n = 42) of MetS and 2) CRF level (VO 2peak ) (Very Low < 18.0 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 [ n = 31], Low = 18.0–22.0 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 [ n = 24], or Moderate >22.0 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 [ n = 18]). Endothelial migration rate in response to subjects’ serum was assessed to determine the effect of circulating blood‐borne factors on endothelial repair. Ci‐miR‐21‐5p was the only ci‐miR that differed between women with MetS compared to those without MetS (0.93 ± 0.43 vs. 1.28 ± 0.71, P = 0.03). There were borderline significant differences ( P = 0.06–0.09) in ci‐miR‐21‐5p, 126‐5p, and 221‐3p levels between the CRF groups, and these three ci‐miRs correlated with VO 2peak ( r = −0.25 to −0.28, P < 0.05). Endothelial migration rate was impaired in response to serum from women with MetS compared to those without after 16–24 h. Serum from women with Moderate CRF induced greater endothelial migration than the Very Low and Low CRF groups after 4 and 16–24 h, that was also not different from a young, healthy reference group. Ci‐miR‐21‐5p is lower in postmenopausal African American women with MetS, while ci‐miRs‐21‐5p, 126‐5p, and 221‐3p are associated with CRF. Factors which impair endothelial cell migration rate are present in serum of women with MetS, though having Moderate CRF may be protective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating microRNAs and endothelial cell migration rate are associated with metabolic syndrome and fitness level in postmenopausal African American women

et al. 2019

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“…A limitation is that the cohort is too young for many participants to have developed clinical cardiovascular disease and we cannot extrapolate our findings to older ages. Most women were pre‐menopausal and we do not know whether the association between lung and endothelial function will change after menopause when vascular ageing accelerates . This cross‐sectional analysis is also unable to establish whether there is a causal association between lung and endothelial function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…27 Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with reactive hyperaemic indices in women but not in men, 28,29 and occupational stress has also been found to be more strongly associated with endothelial dysfunction in women than in men. 30 Oestrogens are known to influence endothelial function, 31,32 and because of the observed sex differences, we undertook additional post hoc analyses to explore whether blood oestradiol levels influenced the association of lung and endothelial function in women, but adjusting the analyses for oestradiol made no material difference to the observed associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between lung and endothelial function in early middle age

et al. 2019

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Background and objective Chronic lung disease is associated with impaired endothelial function and this may be a risk factor for poor cardiovascular health. It is unknown if there is an association between lung and endothelial function in the general population. We investigated associations between lung and endothelial function in a population‐based cohort of 38‐year‐old men and women. Methods Systemic endothelial function was measured using peripheral arterial tonometry to calculate the Framingham reactive hyperaemia index. Lung function was assessed using spirometry, plethysmographic lung volumes, airway conductance and gas transfer. Associations between lung and endothelial function were assessed with and without adjustment for potential confounding factors using regression analyses. Results Sex modified the association between lung and endothelial function. Among women, lower values of pre‐ and post‐bronchodilator spirometry, total lung capacity and functional residual capacity (FRC) were associated with worse endothelial function (P < 0.05). These associations persisted after adjustment for smoking, asthma diagnoses, fitness and body mass index. Associations were weaker among men: only FRC, airway conductance and post‐bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratios were associated with endothelial function. Endothelial function was not associated with gas transfer in either sex. Conclusion Lower lung volumes and airflow obstruction are associated with endothelial dysfunction among women. There is weaker evidence for an association between airway and endothelial function in men. These findings may partly explain the increased risk of cardiovascular disease among people with poor lung function, but suggest that there are sex differences in this association.

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“…Improvements in endothelial function are found with endurance exercise in older men, but are reduced or absent in older women. This may be due to sex hormones modulating vascular adaptations to exercise training by influencing antioxidant defense systems, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and intracellular signaling [11].…”

Section: Mechanisms That Enhance Antioxidant Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Therapy for Physical Therapist

Leelayuwat¹

2017

Clinical Physical Therapy

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This chapter describes exercise therapy in terms of definition, objectives, concept, techniques, mechanisms, and equipment. Mechanisms explaining the effect of exercise training on treatments for other diseases are included. In addition, new biomarkers capable of evaluating exercise performance capacity and progress in training and early detection of overtraining are provided. Very promising are mainly small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs). Important background knowledge for exercise therapy is also provided. The knowledge covers the exercise for healthy and unhealthy people. The former includes sedentary and sport player. The latter includes patients with various diseases, for example, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disease, orthopedics, etc. Importantly, all the knowledge was presented in latest information.

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Vascular Adaptations to Habitual Exercise in Older Adults: Time for the Sex Talk

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Circulating microRNAs and endothelial cell migration rate are associated with metabolic syndrome and fitness level in postmenopausal African American women

Circulating microRNAs and endothelial cell migration rate are associated with metabolic syndrome and fitness level in postmenopausal African American women

Associations between lung and endothelial function in early middle age

Exercise Therapy for Physical Therapist

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