Vascular Calcification: The Evolving Relationship of Vascular Calcification to Major Acute Coronary Events

Abstract

Learning Objectives: On successful completion of this activity, participants should be able to (1) describe the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis; (2) understand the importance of the necrotic core in the genesis of microcalcification in the atheroma; and (3) distinguish between the prognostic importance of dense calcification and multiple small foci of calcification adjacent to lipid lakes. Financial Disclosure: The authors of this article have indicated no relevant relationships that could be perceived as a real or apparent conflict of interest. CME Credit: SNMMI is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to sponsor continuing education for physicians. SNMMI designates each JNM continuing education article for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits. Physicians should claim only credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. For CE credit, SAM, and other credit types, participants can access this activity through the SNMMI website (http://www.snmmilearningcenter.org) through September 2022.

Effect of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

“…More importantly, CD36 interacts with Frizzled and LRP5/6 receptors by bypassing Wnt, which leads to the destabilization and degradation of β-catenin, resulting in a reduction in osteoblast differentiation [ 33 ]. The important role of calcifications in atherosclerotic plaques has emerged lately as an additional risk factor for major acute coronary events, mainly through the presence of microcalcifications in the thin-cap fibroatheroma that might lead to plaque rupture [ 34 , 35 ]. Our results demonstrate that cell migration under oxLDL is recovered after CD36 inhibition.…”

The Cell Origin and Role of Osteoclastogenesis and Osteoblastogenesis in Vascular Calcification

“…Vascular calcification, or the pathological accumulation of calcium phosphate crystals in the intimal and medial layers of vessel walls, is the pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases (1,2). It decreases blood vessel compliance and leads to lumen stenosis, eventually aggravating the cardiovascular symptoms.…”

Role of gut microbiota‐derived metabolites on vascular calcification in CKD

“…Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of early death in the setting of CKD 2 . In addition, vascular calcification (VC) is a risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), especially in patients with CKD 3,4 …”