Vascular calcifications under maintenance hemodialysis

Sixteen children and adolescents undergoing regular haemodialysis treatment were studied for the occurrence of metastatic calcifications. By the use of diphosphonate bone-scanning, roentgenography of the chest and skull and ocular slit lamp examination, generalized visceral calcification was diagnosed in two patients. No relationship between visceral calcification and biochemical, radiological or histological abnormalities of renal osteodystrophy was found. Our study demonstrates that visceral calcification also occurs in children with chronic renal failure and may be detected by scintigraphy.

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“…Furthermore, in agreement with previous reports we found that vascular calcifications are uncommon in uraemic children [21].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Deposition of calcium salts in a variety of tissues has been found. In uraemic children extraosseous calcium deposits are soldom reported but autopsy data suggest that the prevalence may be much greater than commonly appreciated [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Generalized soft tissue calcification in children and adolescents with end stage renal failure

1986

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“…Arterial calcifications are frequent in dialysis patients [27,28], but they have sel dom been described to cause vascular insufficiency [29][30][31]. Granted that observations in our experimental model may not be relevant to man, it cannot be excluded that aggrava tion of arterial calcifications may be a hitherto unrecognized hazard of treatment with la-OH-D3 in uremic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Effect of 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> and Dietary Calcium and Phosphate on the Aortic Mineral Content in Rabbits with Mild Azotemia

Tvedegaard

Ladefoged²,

Nielsen

et al. 1983

Nephron

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The effect of treatment with 1α-hydroxycholecalciferol (1α-OH-D₃) and different diets on uremic arterial disease was studied. Three groups of rabbits with chronic renal failure (CRF) were kept on three diets with a low, medium or high content of calcium and phosphate. Half the rabbits in each group were treated for 18 weeks with 1α-OH-D₃, 0.02 µg/kg/day, without any significant changes in the serum concentrations of calcium or phosphate compared to placebo treatment. In the thoracic aorta, the content of calcium and phosphate was significantly increased in placebo-treated CRF rabbits on medium and high calcium and phosphate intakes compared to rabbits with normal renal function (p < 0.05). The cholesterol content was unchanged. Treatment with 1α-OH-D₃ caused a further increase in the aortic content of calcium and phosphate in the CRF rabbits on medium and low calcium and phosphate intakes (p < 0.05). No increase in the aortic cholesterol content was observed. The histological changes in the abdominal aorta consisted of medial proliferations with calcifications and intimal proliferations. The severity of these changes paralleled the mineral content of the thoracic aorta. Aggravation of uremic arterial disease may be a hitherto unrecognized side-effect of treatment with 1α-OH-D₃ in CRF.

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“…In the human situation, arterial calcifica tions arc frequently observed in chronic renal failure [84,85] similarly to what has been described in uremic rats [82], This anomaly could be in part attributed to a disturbed Caphosphate metabolism. However, it has been reported that the arterial lesions consist of calcified structures encountered in areas of the arterial walls with severe degenerative alterations (i.e., cell damage), not of diffuse calcifications of the ground substance [86], These lesions were not associated with the accumulation of lipids and differed thus from those observed in common atherosclerosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 59%

Is There a Treatment Necessity for Lipid Disorders of Uremic Patients?

Lacour

Roullet²,

Beyne

et al. 1985

Blood Purif

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In the present review, the role of lipid disturbances is evaluated as a risk factor in the pathogenesis and the potential acceleration of atherosclerosis in uremic patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. The alteration in high density lipoprotein composition with a decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol but a normal apoprotein AI content may have relevance to the atherogenetic process. Moreover, the accumulation of cholesterol-rich, very low density lipoproteins and intermediate density lipoproteins may play a major role in atherosclerosis since these degradation products of triglyceride-rich particles are considered as atherogenic. The hypothesis should be tested whether a correction of the abnormal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in uremic patients leads to a decrease in ischemic vascular events.

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Vascular calcifications under maintenance hemodialysis

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Generalized soft tissue calcification in children and adolescents with end stage renal failure

Generalized soft tissue calcification in children and adolescents with end stage renal failure

Effect of 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> and Dietary Calcium and Phosphate on the Aortic Mineral Content in Rabbits with Mild Azotemia

Is There a Treatment Necessity for Lipid Disorders of Uremic Patients?

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