Vascular dynamics in isolated systolic arterial hypertension

Meaney, F.A.C.C. Eduardo; Soltero, Enrique; Samaniego, Virginia Corina; Alva, Felix; Moguel, Rafael; Vela, Agestin; Gonzalez, Vidal

doi:10.1002/clc.4960181207

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Whether the rise in isobaric arterial compliance was caused by a higher number of open parallel vessels or by a decrease in individual vessel wall tone in the ISH patients could not be ascertained in this study. Nevertheless, the resulting increase in arterial blood volume agrees well with the higher blood volumes (table 2) and arterial dilatation suggested by others in elderly patients with ISH [6, 15, 22]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…For this purpose, a noninvasive, electrical bioimpedance method [14]was used, which provides information complementary to that of previously used methods in ISH research. Instead of the usual, dynamic compliance of a single pulsatile artery [13, 15, 16, 17], it yields the static compliance of the upper arm arterial bed as a whole. Furthermore, the arterial distensibility, the ratio of arterial compliance to arterial volume and some venous characteristics are determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolated Systolic Hypertension from a Vascular Point of View

Muntinga

Heesen²,

Smit

et al. 2000

J Vasc Res

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Due to the results of antihypertensive intervention studies, isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) has gained new interest lately. Yet, apart from increased aortic stiffness, the specific pathophysiological features of ISH have remained largely undetermined. Therefore, we investigated the elastic properties of the vascular bed of an upper arm segment in uncomplicated ISH patients and matched normotensive controls using an electrical bioimpedance technique. Compared with the controls, the compliance of the arterial bed as a whole at normotensive blood pressure level was on the average 108.0% higher (p < 0.005) in the hypertensive patients. The blood volume of the arterial bed as a whole at operating blood pressure level and that of the larger arteries were significantly higher (40.5%, p < 0.05, and 40.5%, p < 0.01, respectively). The same held true for the venous blood volume (64.4%, p < 0.05), and for the width of the arterial compliance-pressure relation (34.6%, p < 0.01). We concluded that ISH is a separate pathophysiological entity in which all parts of a peripheral vascular bed are changed and the decreased buffering function of the aorta and large arteries is partly compensated for by an increase in small artery compliance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Systolic Hypertension from a Vascular Point of View

Muntinga

Heesen²,

Smit

et al. 2000

J Vasc Res

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“…36 However, only 1 has previously reported increased aortic PWV in ISH, and that difference did not persist after correcting for differences in MAP. 37 In the present study, aortic PWV was increased in the ISH group at ambient pressures compared with matched, normotensive controls, and this difference persisted even after adjusting for the slightly higher MAP in subjects with ISH (Ϸ17% higher).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-2, and Serum Elastase Activity Are Associated With Systolic Hypertension and Arterial Stiffness

Yasmin

Wallace²,

McEniery³

et al. 2005

ATVB

421

265

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Background-Arterial stiffness is an independent determinant of cardiovascular risk, and arterial stiffening is the predominant abnormality in systolic hypertension. Elastin is the main elastic component of the arterial wall and can be degraded by a number of enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2. We hypothesized that elastase activity would be related to arterial stiffness and tested this using isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) as a model of stiffening and separately in a large cohort of healthy individuals. Methods and Results-A total of 116 subjects with ISH and 114 matched controls, as well as 447 individuals free from cardiovascular disease were studied. Aortic and brachial pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index were determined. Blood pressure, lipids, C-reactive protein, MMP-9, MMP-2, serum elastase activity (SEA), and tissue-specific inhibitor 2 of metalloproteinases were measured. Aortic and brachial PWV, MMP-9, MMP-2, and SEA levels were increased in ISH subjects compared with controls (Pϭ0.001). MMP-9 levels correlated linearly and significantly with aortic (rϭ0.45; Pϭ0.001) and brachial PWV (rϭ0.22; Pϭ0.002), even after adjustments for confounding variables. In the younger, healthy subjects, MMP-9 and SEA were also independently associated with aortic PWV. Conclusions-Aortic stiffness is related to MMP-9 levels and SEA, not only in ISH, but also in younger, apparently healthy individuals. This suggests that elastases including MMP-9 may be involved in the process of arterial stiffening and development of ISH.

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“…The maximum and minimum diameters (d max and d min ) were measured by bidimensional images taking the same references used for the aorta. Aortic and carotid stiffness (␤) was calculated using the formula previously validated at our institution [␤ ‫ס‬ 127.32 (SP − DP)/(d max 2 − d min 2)] [1,6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Arterial Stiffness in Children with a Parental History of Hypertension

et al. 1999

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The vascular dynamics of children with a parental history of hypertension has not been defined. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether or not these children have different arterial stiffness compared to the offspring of normotensive parents. One hundred healthy, nonobese subjects (ages 10-21 years) were divided into two groups of 50. Group A included the offspring of hypertensive patients and group B the offspring of normotensive parents. The variables studied were body surface area, blood pressure, and systolic and diastolic diameters of the aortic and carotid arteries as well as maximum velocity flow of these vessels. Carotid and aortic stiffness were calculated. Children and adolescents with a parental history of hypertension had higher carotid stiffness and smaller carotid diameters. These differences continued to be significant when correcting for body surface area. A higher blood pressure and a greater body surface area were also found.

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Vascular dynamics in isolated systolic arterial hypertension

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Isolated Systolic Hypertension from a Vascular Point of View

Isolated Systolic Hypertension from a Vascular Point of View

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-2, and Serum Elastase Activity Are Associated With Systolic Hypertension and Arterial Stiffness

Increased Arterial Stiffness in Children with a Parental History of Hypertension

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