Vascular endotheliitis associated with infections: Its pathogenetic role and therapeutic implication

Hattori, Yoshiyuki; Hattori, Kohshi; Machida, Takuji; Matsuda, Naoyuki

doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114909

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…As the vascular endothelium is present throughout the body, this may be a mechanism by which COVID-19 can cause dysfunction in all major organs. The vascular endothelium serves not only as a structural support but also plays a dynamic role in hormonal and cytokine signaling [161]. Finally, there is evidence of microthrombi in the brain on autopsy in patients who have died of COVID-19 [68].…”

Section: Pathogenic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Approaches to the Neurologic Manifestations of COVID-19

2022

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As of May 2022, there have been more than 527 million infections with severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and over 6.2 million deaths from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide. COVID-19 is a multisystem illness with important neurologic consequences that impact long-term morbidity and mortality. In the acutely ill, the neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 can include distressing but relatively benign symptoms such as headache, myalgias, and anosmia; however, entities such as encephalopathy, stroke, seizures, encephalitis, and Guillain-Barre Syndrome can cause neurologic injury and resulting disability that persists long after the acute pulmonary illness. Furthermore, as many as one-third of patients may experience persistent neurologic symptoms as part of a Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Neuro-PASC) syndrome. This Neuro-PASC syndrome can affect patients who required hospitalization for COVID-19 or patients who did not require hospitalization and who may have had minor or no pulmonary symptoms. Given the large number of individuals affected and the ability of neurologic complications to impair quality of life and productivity, the neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 are likely to have major and long-lasting personal, public health, and economic consequences. While knowledge of disease mechanisms and therapies acquired prior to the pandemic can inform us on how to manage patients with the neurologic manifestations of COVID-19, there is a critical need for improved understanding of specific COVID-19 disease mechanisms and development of therapies that target the neurologic morbidities of COVID-19. This current perspective reviews evidence for proposed disease mechanisms as they inform the neurologic management of COVID-19 in adult patients while also identifying areas in need of further research.

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Section: Pathogenic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Approaches to the Neurologic Manifestations of COVID-19

2022

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“…Exposure to xenobiotics and pathogens like SARS-CoV-2 can promote expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E -selectin, and P-selectin on vascular endothelium by activation of NF-κB and AP-1. These adhesion molecules facilitate leukocyte rolling, adherence, and transmigration through endothelium leading to endothelial damage, necroptosis, and development of vascular endotheliitis by release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the generation of extracellular ROS ( Hattori et al, 2022 ). Vascular endotheliitis also has adverse effects on other organs like lungs, kidney, and liver.…”

Section: Cardiotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic action of organophosphates and COVID-19 on inflammation, oxidative stress, and renin-angiotensin system can amplify the risk of cardiovascular maladies

Rajak

Roy

Podder

et al. 2022

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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“…(i) specific mechanisms important both in defense against toxic and infectious diseases that interfere with the maintenance of a physiological lining of the vascular endothelium, and in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; (ii) the regulation of immune responses and inflammation [59]; (iii) novel approaches in the treatment of hypoxia-based diseases [60].…”

Section: Novel Approaches In Diagnosis and Treatment Of Endothelial D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to the management of COVID-19 patients: When home care can represent the best practice

Tricarico¹,

Travagli

2022

JRS

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BACKGROUND: The pandemic that began around February 2020, caused by the viral pathogen SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), has still not completed its course at present in June 2022. OBJECTIVE: The open research to date highlights just how varied and complex the outcome of the contagion can be. METHOD: The clinical pictures observed following the contagion present variabilities that cannot be explained completely by the patient’s age (which, with the new variants, is rapidly changing, increasingly affecting younger patients) nor by symptoms and concomitant pathologies (which are no longer proving to be decisive in recent cases) in relation to medium-to-long term sequelae. In particular, the functions of the vascular endothelium and vascular lesions at the pre-capillary level represent the source of tissue hypoxia and other damage, resulting in the clinical evolution of COVID-19. RESULTS: Keeping the patient at home with targeted therapeutic support, aimed at not worsening vascular endothelium damage with early and appropriate stimulation of endothelial cells, ameliorates the glycocalyx function and improves the prognosis and, in some circumstances, could be the best practice suitable for certain patients. CONCLUSION: Clinical information thus far collected may be of immense value in developing a better understanding of the present pandemic and future occurrences regarding patient safety, pharmaceutical care and therapy liability.

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Vascular endotheliitis associated with infections: Its pathogenetic role and therapeutic implication

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 25 publications

References 183 publications

Therapeutic Approaches to the Neurologic Manifestations of COVID-19

Therapeutic Approaches to the Neurologic Manifestations of COVID-19

Synergistic action of organophosphates and COVID-19 on inflammation, oxidative stress, and renin-angiotensin system can amplify the risk of cardiovascular maladies

Approach to the management of COVID-19 patients: When home care can represent the best practice

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