Vascular Health Triad in Humans With Hypertension—Not the Usual Suspects

Dillon, Gabrielle A.; Mascone, Sara E.; Alexander, Lacy M.

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.746278

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…These processes lead to the appearance of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis ( Diaz et al, 2018 ). To be precise, an increase in the stiffness of the wall leads to an increase in arterial blood pressure and pulse wave velocity ( Ranadive et al, 2021 ). DFA of signal fluctuation represents the analysis of self-similarity of the fractal structure in relation to the signal as a whole ( Peng et al, 1995 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the photoplethysmography method to monitor age-related changes in the cardiovascular system

Djurić,

Žikić,

Nestorović

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Introduction: Aging is a physiological process characterized by progressive changes in all organ systems. In the last few decades, the elderly population has been growing, so the scientific community is focusing on the investigation of the aging process, all in order to improve the quality of life in elderly. One of the biggest challenges in studying the impact of the aging on the human body represents the monitoring of the changes that inevitably occur in arterial blood vessels. Therefore, the medical community has invested a great deal of effort in studying and discovering new methods and tools that could be used to monitor the changes in arterial blood vessels caused by the aging process. The goal of our research was to develop a new diagnostic method using a photoplethysmographic sensor and to examine the impact of the aging process on the cardiovascular system in adults. Long-term recorded arterial blood flow waveforms were analyzed using detrended fluctuation analysis.Materials and Methods: The study included 117 respondents, aged 20–70 years. The waveform of the arterial blood flow was recorded for 5 min, with an optical sensor placed above the left common carotid artery, simultaneously with a single-channel ECG. For each cardiac cycle, the blood flow amplitude was determined, and a new time series was formed, which was analyzed non-linearly (DFA method). The values of the scalar coefficients α1 and α2, particularly their ratio (α1/α2) were obtained, which were then monitored in relation to the age of the subjects.Result: The values of the scalar ratio (α1/α2) were significantly different between the subjects older and younger than 50 years. The value of the α1/α2 decreased exponentially with the aging. In the population of middle-aged adults, this ratio had a value around 1, in young adults the value was exclusively higher than 1 and in older adults the value was exclusively lower than 1.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the aging led to a decrease in the α1/α2 in the population of healthy subjects. With this non-invasive method, changes in the cardiovascular system due to aging can be detected and monitored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the photoplethysmography method to monitor age-related changes in the cardiovascular system

Djurić,

Žikić,

Nestorović

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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“…The deleterious effects of hypertension vary depending on the duration and intensity of high BP ( 29 ). An imbalance among endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and reactive oxygen species results in a vicious cycle of increased cardiovascular disease risk ( 30 ). The cumulative effects of insults to the blood vessel lead to a pro-hypertensive environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity of hypertensive exposure in young adulthood and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age: Evidence from the CARDIA study

Xiong

Lin²,

Ye³

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundChronically high blood pressure (HBP) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We measured the intensity of hypertensive exposure in young adults and calculated its prognostic significance for subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age.MethodsThe Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study enrolled 5,115 healthy black and white Americans who were 18–30 years old at baseline (1985–1986). The intensity of hypertensive exposure was calculated as the area under the curve (mm Hg × years) from baseline to year 15. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) was identified at years 15, 20, and 25, and intima-media thickness (IMT) was identified at year 20.ResultsAt baseline, the mean age was 40.1 years; 55.1% of participants were women, and 46.5% were black. After adjustment, cumulative systolic BP (SBP) was positively associated with CAC [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.23 (1.14, 1.32)] and IMT [β = 0.022 (0.017, 0.028)]. For CAC, the C-statistic for cumulative SBP was 0.643 (0.619, 0.667); compared to baseline SBP, the net reclassification index (NRI) of cumulative SBP was 0.180 (0.115, 0.256) and the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) was 0.023 (0.012, 0.036). For IMT, the C-statistic for cumulative SBP was 0.674 (0.643, 0.705), the NRI was 0.220 (0.138, 0.305), and the IDI was 0.008 (0.004, 0.0012).ConclusionGreater intensity of hypertensive exposure in early adulthood is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age and provides better prognostic value than baseline BP for early cardiovascular risk.

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“…Inflammation and ROS influence endothelial function independently and synergistically, with this cross-talk being referred to as the vascular health triad (Ranadive et al, 2021) were also measured after whole-body warming and foot cooling.…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammation and ROS influence endothelial function independently and synergistically, with this cross‐talk being referred to as the vascular health triad (Ranadive et al., 2021 ). A battery of biomarkers that reflect inflammation, ROS and endothelial function might therefore provide better insight into the aetiology of NFCI than a single triad component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma biomarkers of endothelial function, inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with non‐freezing cold injury

Eglin

Wright

Shepherd

et al. 2023

Experimental Physiology

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Plasma biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial function and damage were examined in 16 individuals with chronic NFCI (NFCI) and matched control participants with (COLD, n = 17) or without (CON, n = 14) previous cold exposure. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline to assess plasma biomarkers of endothelial function (nitrate, nitrite and endothelin-1), inflammation [interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor alpha and E-selectin], oxidative stress [protein carbonyl, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), superoxide dismutase and nitrotyrosine) and endothelial damage [von Willebrand factor, syndecan-1 and tissue type plasminogen activator (TTPA)]. Immediately after whole-body heating and separately, foot cooling, blood samples were taken for measurement of plasma [nitrate], [nitrite], [endothelin-1], [IL-6], [4-HNE] and [TTPA]. At baseline, [IL-10] and [syndecan-1] were increased in NFCI (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively) and COLD (P = 0.033 and P = 0.030, respectively) compared with CON participants. The [4-HNE]was elevated in CON compared with both NFCI (P = 0.002) and COLD (P < 0.001).

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Vascular Health Triad in Humans With Hypertension—Not the Usual Suspects

Cited by 7 publications

References 145 publications

Using the photoplethysmography method to monitor age-related changes in the cardiovascular system

Using the photoplethysmography method to monitor age-related changes in the cardiovascular system

Intensity of hypertensive exposure in young adulthood and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age: Evidence from the CARDIA study

Plasma biomarkers of endothelial function, inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with non‐freezing cold injury

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