Vascular Pathobiology: Atherosclerosis and Large Vessel Disease

Bonafiglia, Quinn A.; Bendeck, Michelle; Gotlieb, Avrum I.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00006-2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 291 publications

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“…Pathophysiology: Hereditary and acquired abnormalities that lead to the weakening and disruption of an elastic layer separating the vessels in the media and odontia, where the wall is inherently thinner and the turbulence of the bloodstream more likely to cause herniation and outflow of the vessel wall [6][7][8]. Causes of this condition include inheritance, atherosclerosis and hypertension, infections, malignancies, cigarette and alcohol abuse and substance abuse, and vascular disorders elsewhere in the body (such as the Romeo Roberto document, Coarcta Sion Aorta, etc.)…”

Section:  Aortic Infection After Aortic Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

An introduction on cerebrovascular aneurysms during pregnancy

Saravani¹,

Mirsarzai²,

Sekhavati³

2021

Cell. Mol. Biomed. Rep.

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A cerebral aneurysm is an abnormal bulge in the cerebral artery that spreads where the blood vessel wall has weakened. Cerebral aneurysms may allow blood to leak into the subcutaneous space around the brain and cause damage to brain cells. Brain aneurysms can also be ruptured and can lead to serious and possibly fatal strokes. A cerebral aneurysm is known as swelling of a blood vessel in the brain. In the definition of these conditions, it is said that it looks like a hanging berry from a stem. In cases where most aneurysms do not rupture or cause health problems, samples that experience such conditions cause bleeding in the brainhemorrhagic stroke. Intracranial hemorrhages have attracted much attention because of the increasing role of indirect maternal mortality and the importance of rapid diagnosis and treatment in reducing mortality, and since in many cases, they occur due to brain vascular aneurysm. The topic is also essential. When faced with an aneurysm in a pregnant woman, the decision about pregnancy, termination and termination is based on the indications of midwifery and decisionmaking about the diagnosis and treatment of aneurysm based on neurosurgical indications.

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Section:  Aortic Infection After Aortic Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

An introduction on cerebrovascular aneurysms during pregnancy

Saravani¹,

Mirsarzai²,

Sekhavati³

2021

Cell. Mol. Biomed. Rep.

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“…Studies have indicated that the neovessels primarily originate from a pre-existing vasa vasorum, which constitutes a microvasculature network responsible for supplying arterial walls [34,35]. Neovessels are commonly found in the fibrous cap as well as in the medial and lateral corners of plaques, but their presence at the base is infrequent [36]. The development of new pathological capillaries promotes macrophage infiltration, inflammation, and lipid deposition as well as intraplaque hemorrhages that contribute to a progressive increase in the instability of plaques [37].…”

Section: Vulnerable Plaquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Feasibility in Assessing Carotid Plaque Vulnerability—Narrative Review

Kopyto,

Czeczelewski,

Mikos

et al. 2023

JCM

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The risk assessment for carotid atherosclerotic lesions involves not only determining the degree of stenosis but also plaque morphology and its composition. Recently, carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has gained importance for evaluating vulnerable plaques. This review explores CEUS’s utility in detecting carotid plaque surface irregularities and ulcerations as well as intraplaque neovascularization and its alignment with histology. Initial indications suggest that CEUS might have the potential to anticipate cerebrovascular incidents. Nevertheless, there is a need for extensive, multicenter prospective studies that explore the relationships between CEUS observations and patient clinical outcomes in cases of carotid atherosclerotic disease.

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“…The relevance of somatic mutations in PAD progression lies in the potential to disrupt critical cellular processes involved in maintaining vascular health, promoting atherosclerotic plaque formation, altering the vascular tone, and remodeling and modulating angiogenesis [2]. Somatic mutations can affect genes involved in lipid Biomedicines 2023, 11, 2288 2 of 16 metabolism, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and endothelial cell (EC) function, thereby influencing plaque stability and arterial remodeling [4]. Additionally, mutations in genes regulating angiogenesis can impact the development of collateral vessels, which are essential compensatory mechanisms in PAD [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and modulating angiogenesis [2]. Somatic mutations can affect genes involved in lipid metabolism, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and endothelial cell (EC) function, thereby influencing plaque stability and arterial remodeling [4]. Additionally, mutations in genes regulating angiogenesis can impact the development of collateral vessels, which are essential compensatory mechanisms in PAD [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Genetic Footprint: Exploring Somatic Mutations in Peripheral Arterial Disease Progression

Salybekov,

Hassanpour

2023

Biomedicines

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Peripheral arterial diseases (PADs) are complex cardiovascular conditions influenced by environmental factors and somatic mutations in multiple genes involved in hematopoiesis and inflammation. While traditional risk factors, such as smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension, have been extensively studied, the role of somatic mutations in PAD progression remains underexplored. The present article intends to provide a comprehensive commentary of the molecular mechanisms, genetic landscape, prognostic significance, and clinical implications of somatic mutations in PADs. The expansion of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) clones in the circulating blood, named clonal hematopoiesis (CH), leads to the infiltration of these clones into atherosclerotic plaques and the production of inflammatory cytokines, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including PADs. Furthermore, recent experimental evidence has demonstrated the involvement of somatically mutated TP53 genes with a high variant allele frequency (VAF) in PAD development and prognosis. This review delves into the relationship between CH and PADs, elucidating the prevalence, impact, and underlying mechanisms of this association. This understanding paves the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting CHIP to promote tissue regeneration and improve outcomes in PAD patients. It emphasizes the need for further research to fully unravel the genetic footprint of the disease and highlights potential clinical implications. The findings presented in this article lay the foundation for personalized medicine approaches and open avenues for the development of targeted therapies based on somatic mutation profiling.

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Vascular Pathobiology: Atherosclerosis and Large Vessel Disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 291 publications

An introduction on cerebrovascular aneurysms during pregnancy

An introduction on cerebrovascular aneurysms during pregnancy

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Feasibility in Assessing Carotid Plaque Vulnerability—Narrative Review

Unveiling the Genetic Footprint: Exploring Somatic Mutations in Peripheral Arterial Disease Progression

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