Vascular Plants of Maryland, USA: A Comprehensive Account of the State's Botanical Diversity

Knapp, Wesley M.; Naczi, Robert F. C.

doi:10.5479/si.14605674

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Because relatively few plants, butterflies, or moths had state conservation statuses in Maryland, we grouped their state conservation categories into three groups as follows: "secure" taxa were all those categorized as S4 or S5, "threatened" taxa were all those categorized as S1, S2, S3, SH, or SX; all other taxa were considered unranked. To restrict our analysis to only species considered native to the state, we first filtered records based on the national and subnational exotic/native fields from NatureServe, and subsequently, for plants, also filtered them based on a recent Maryland flora (Knapp & Naczi, 2020). Six threatened, one secure, and 331 unranked lepidopteran species, and 84 threatened, 20 secure, and 306 unranked plant species were dropped from future analyses because they were represented by only a single occurrence location.…”

Section: Plant and Lepidopteran Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global conservation prioritization approach provides credible results at a regional scale

Roswell,

Espíndola

2023

Preprint

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Aim: Conservationists and managers must direct resources and enact measures to protect species, despite uncertainty about their present statuses. One approach to covering the data gap is borrowing information from data-rich species or populations to guide decisions about data-poor ones, via machine learning. Recent efforts demonstrated proof-of-concept at the global scale, leaving unclear whether similar approaches are feasible at the local and regional scales at which conservation actions most typically occur. To address this gap, we tested a global-scale predictive approach at a regional scale, using two groups of taxa. Location: Maryland, USA. Taxa: Vascular land plants and lepidopterans. Methods: Using publicly available occurrence and biogeographic data, we trained random forest classifiers to predict the state-level conservation status of species in each of the two focal taxa. We assessed model performance with cross-validation, and explored trends in the predictions. Results: Our models had strong discriminatory ability, accurately predicting status for species with existing status assessments. They predict that the northwestern part of Maryland, USA, which overlaps the Appalachian Mountains, harbors a higher concentration of unassessed, but threatened plants and lepidopterans. Our predictions track known biogeographic patterns, and unassessed species predicted as most likely threatened in Maryland were often recognized as also needing conservation in nearby jurisdictions, providing external validation to our results. Main Conclusions: We demonstrate that a modelling approach developed for global analysis can be downscaled and credible when applied at a regional scale that is smaller than typical species ranges. We identified select unassessed plant and lepidopteran species, and the western, montane region of Maryland as priority targets for additional monitoring, assessment, and conservation. By rapidly aggregating disparate data and integrating information across taxa, models like those we used can complement traditional assessment tools and assist in prioritization for formal assessments, as well as protection.

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Section: Plant and Lepidopteran Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global conservation prioritization approach provides credible results at a regional scale

Roswell,

Espíndola

2023

Preprint

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Yield, Composition, and Chemotypes of Essential Oils from Origanum vulgare L. Aerial Parts Cultivated in Different European Countries

Raal,

Gontova,

Ivask

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, perfumery, and cosmetic industries for the needs for which this raw material is cultivated. O. vulgare is a polymorphic species with subspecies, which differ in the structure of their reproductive organs, the location of essential oil (EO) trichomes, and the composition of EO. Therefore, it is very important to identify the most valuable chemotypes rich in biologically active substances and cultivate them more widely. This research aimed to study the chemical composition of O. vulgare EO from aerial parts (n = 17) of cultivated plants (leaves, leaves and flowers, flowering tops) from different European countries (n = 5) to determine the dynamics of EO yield and its component accumulation depending on vegetation phases, as well as to establish chemotypes of O. vulgare, which are the most promising for cultivation. EOs from the raw materials were obtained by hydrodistillation according to the European Pharmacopoeia method; their analysis was carried out by GC-MS. A total of 17 studied samples of O. vulgare aerial parts from Estonia, Turkey, Scotland, Moldova, and Italy contained 1.9–11.0 mL/kg of EO. The highest yields of EO were found in the samples from Moldova (11.0 mL/kg) and Italy (9.3 mL/kg). In total, 89 substances were identified in the studied EOs. By studying the variability of the chemical composition during the plant’s vegetation period, we found the highest content of EO was noted in the phase of full flowering and at the end of blooming. Strong correlations (r = 0.61–0.84) were found between the contents of some terpenoids. The six chemotypes of O. vulgare rich in (1) caryophyllene oxide; (2) sabinene; (3) caryophyllene oxide–(E)-β-caryophyllene; (4) (E)-β-caryophyllene; (5) carvacrol, and (6) thymol–carvacrol were found. In terms of quantitative EO content of O. vulgare, none of the studied samples (n = 17), and in terms of total carvacrol and thymol, most of the samples (n = 15) did not meet the minimum standards of the European Pharmacopoeia. When cultivating O. vulgare for the pharmaceutical industry, it is necessary to proceed from plant propagation material rich in EO and chemotypes rich in carvacrol and thymol.

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Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 18

Galasso,

Domina,

Adorni

et al. 2024

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In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, exclusions, and status changes from casual to naturalized or invasive for Italy or for Italian administrative regions for taxa in the genera Acacia, Akebia, Allocasuarina, Aloë, Brachychiton, Convolvulus, Freesia, Gleditsia, Hesperocyparis, Kalanchoë, Liriope, Mazus, Melia, Phyla, Platycladus, Prunus, and Retama. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrections are provided as Suppl. material 1.

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Vascular Plants of Maryland, USA: A Comprehensive Account of the State's Botanical Diversity

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Global conservation prioritization approach provides credible results at a regional scale

Global conservation prioritization approach provides credible results at a regional scale

Yield, Composition, and Chemotypes of Essential Oils from Origanum vulgare L. Aerial Parts Cultivated in Different European Countries

Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 18

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