With help of a questionnaire with a 96% response rate, the exact number of arterial operations in Scandinavia has been established. In Sweden in 1980 it was 470 per million inhabitants and in Norway in 1981 it was 553 per million inhabitants, but regional differences within the countries were great. In only 14% of the hospitals were more than 100 arterial operations performed per year. The development of arterial surgery during a 10‐year period in the cities of Malmö and Oslo, with active vascular centers, is also given. The increase in the two cities is similar and above 300%. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty comprised 11% of the total number of arterial interventions in 1981.