Vascular system in the developing wing bud of normal and talpid3 mutant chick embryos

Mohammed, M. B. H.

doi:10.1016/0045-6039(86)90070-9

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Man of our results are similar to those reported for the tu embryo (Ede and Kelly, 1964;Hinchliffe and Ede, 1967;Hinchliffe and Thorogood, 1974;Mohammed, 1986). When tu3 and tu2 limbs are compared, tu3 limbs appear to have a similar, though more extreme expression of the tulpid phenotype.…”

Section: Discussion Musclesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…4). This is consistent with the report by Mohammed (1986) for tu3 wings. However, Mohammed also reported that the tu3 wing bud was supplied by more than one major artery, which was not the case in tu2.…”

Section: Proximal Cell Deathsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Tulpid3 feather papillae form, but their morphology and pattern of 0 1991 WILEY-LISS, INC. distribution are abnormal (Ede et al, 1971). In addition, Mohammed (1986) has described the pattern of blood vessels in tu3 wings. As yet, only varied and incomplete descriptions of the tu2 mutant have been available, in contrast to the well-characterized tu3 mutation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Talpid² mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

Dvorak

Fallon

1991

Anat. Rec.

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The talpid2(ta2) chick mutant is of interest for the study of limb pattern formation. Talpid2 is a simple Mendelian recessive lethal mutation which affects the mesoderm and results in short, spade-like, polydactylous wings and legs. Here, we describe ta2 limb development with particular attention to those aspects of ta2 which may illuminate the process of normal limb development. From the onset of budding, ta2 limb buds are significantly wider than normal buds along the anteroposterior axis. They lack the normal anterior and posterior necrotic zones and have variable development of the central opaque patch. Interdigital programmed cell death is variable and may result in development of distal phalanges without more proximal ones. Talpid2 wing vasculature is similar to that of normal wings; but ta2 legs are supplied by four large blood vessels. Feathers form regular, parallel rows, similar to normal feathers, but ta2 embryos lack the loose mesenchyme which separates the feather buds. Finally, and most significantly, ta2 wings and legs display anteroposterior polarity. Anterior and posterior limb skeletal elements can be clearly distinguished from one another within the ta2 phenotype. Our observations suggest that the ta2 mutant may be useful in analyzing programmed embryonic cell death and anteroposterior limb pattern formation.

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Section: Discussion Musclesupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Proximal Cell Deathsupporting

confidence: 94%

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Talpid² mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

Dvorak

Fallon

1991

Anat. Rec.

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“…Homozygous talpid 3 chicken embryos have severe vascular abnormalities including "cork screw" blood vessels in the extra-embryonic vasculature and subcutaneous haemorrhaging and oedema in the embryo (Ede and Kelly, 1964a) which results in lethality between 2.5 and 5 days of development on the current genetic background. Previous studies have also reported a hypervascularised vascular network in talpid 3 limbs (Mohammed, 1986) although the direction of blood flow appears normal (this study). The limb bud is a well known site of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signalling which patterns the antero-posterior axis of the limb (review Tickle, 2003) and the loss of normal Hh signalling in talpid 3 results in polydactylous limbs with many unpatterned digits (Davey et al, 2006;Lewis et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Analysis of talpid and wild-type chicken embryos reveals roles for Hedgehog signalling in development of the limb bud vasculature

Davey

James

Paton

et al. 2007

Developmental Biology

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Chicken talpid(3) mutant embryos have a wide range of Hedgehog-signalling related defects and it is now known that the talpid(3) gene product encodes a novel protein essential for Hedgehog signalling which is required for both activator and repressor functions of Gli transcription factors (Davey, M.G., Paton, I.R., Yin, Y., Schmidt, M., Bangs, F.K., Morrice, D.R., Gordon-Smith, T., Buxton, P., Stamataki, D., Tanaka, M., Münsterberg, A.E., Briscoe, J., Tickle, C., Burt, D.W. (2006). The chicken talpid(3) gene encodes a novel protein essential for Hedgehog signalling. Genes Dev 20 1365-77). Haemorrhaging, oedema and other severe vascular defects are a central aspect of the talpid(3) phenotype (Ede, D.A. and Kelly, W.A (1964a). Developmental abnormalities in the head region of the talpid(3) mutant fowl. J. Embryol. exp. Morp. 12:161-182) and, as Hedgehog (Hh) signalling has been implicated in every stage of development of the vascular system, the vascular defects seen in talpid(3) are also likely to be attributable to abnormal Hedgehog signalling. Gene expression of members of the VEGF and Angiopoietin families of angiogenic growth factors has been linked to haemorrhaging and oedema and we find widespread expression of VEGF-D, rigf and Ang2a in the talpid(3) limb. Furthermore, ectopic expression of these genes in talpid(3) limbs points to regulation via Gli repression rather than activation. We monitored specification of vessel identity in talpid(3) limb vasculature by examining expression of artery-specific genes, Np1 and EphrinB2, and the vein-specific genes, Np2a and Tie2. We show that there are supernumerary subclavian arteries in talpid(3) limb buds and abnormal expression of an artery-specific gene in the venous submarginal sinus, despite the direction of blood flow being normal. Furthermore, we show that Shh can induce Np1 expression but has no effect on Np2a. Finally, we demonstrate that induction of VEGF and Ang2a expression by Shh in normal limb buds is accompanied by vascular remodelling. Thus Hedgehog signalling has a pivotal role in the cascade of angiogenic events in a growing embryonic organ which is similar to that proposed in tumours.

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“…In the spontaneous chicken mutant talpid 3 , hemorrhaging, edema and hypervascularization are observed (Davey et al 2007;Mohammed 1986). With respect to the blood vessels in the limb bud, this is hypothesized to occur as a result of the loss of the shortlength Gli3 transcriptional repressor isoform leading to unpolarized expression of Shh-dependent genes throughout the limb bud (Davey et al 2007).…”

Section: Heart and Blood Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Primary cilia and organogenesis: is Hedgehog the only sculptor?

Tasouri

Tucker

2011

Cell Tissue Res

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Vascular system in the developing wing bud of normal and talpid3 mutant chick embryos

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Talpid² mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

Talpid² mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

Analysis of talpid and wild-type chicken embryos reveals roles for Hedgehog signalling in development of the limb bud vasculature

Primary cilia and organogenesis: is Hedgehog the only sculptor?

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Vascular system in the developing wing bud of normal and talpid3 mutant chick embryos

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Talpid2 mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

Talpid2 mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

Analysis of talpid and wild-type chicken embryos reveals roles for Hedgehog signalling in development of the limb bud vasculature

Primary cilia and organogenesis: is Hedgehog the only sculptor?

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Talpid² mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death

Talpid² mutant chick limb has anteroposterior polarity and altered patterns of programmed cell death