Vasopressin improves survival in a porcine model of abdominal vascular injury

Abstract

Introduction We sought to determine and compare the effects of vasopressin, fluid resuscitation and saline placebo on haemodynamic variables and short-term survival in an abdominal vascular injury model with uncontrolled haemorrhagic shock in pigs.

Current Controversies in Military Pre-Hospital Critical Care

“…In a swine model of severe hypovolaemia it conferred no advantage over placebo [31]. Meanwhile arginine vasopressin shows considerable promise for use in this scenario [32] and human trials attempting to replicate the successes of animal studies [31,33] are underway.…”

Early Norepinephrine Infusion Delays Cardiac Arrest After Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats

“…In the porcine model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, vasopressin, unlike epinephrine or saline placebo, ensured short-term survival (18,19). However, in another porcine model of hemorrhagic shock that was performed to compare norepinephrine with vasopressin, norepinephrine was comparable to arginine vasopressin with respect to cerebral perfusion pressure and brain metabolism (20).…”

“…Regardless, norepinephrine infusion did not increase blood loss. In a porcine model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, the use of vasopressin decreased the bleeding volume compared to saline placebo as a result of the potent vasoconstrictive effect of vasopressin (18,19). Thus, norepinephrine also may cause vasoconstriction to decrease additional blood loss.…”

Vasopressin for Hemorrhagic Shock Management: Revisiting the Potential Value in Civilian and Combat Casualty Care

“…Again, pigs stabilized with exogenous AVP demonstrated reduced mortality. 30 Besides the aforementioned experiments addressing abdominal hemorrhage, AVP has been shown to improve shortterm survival after pulmonary contusion. Feinstein et al 31 subjected anesthetized pigs to a blast to the chest, followed by either controlled arterial hemorrhage to a mean arterial pressure Ͻ30 mm Hg, or uncontrolled hemorrhage induced by partial hepatectomy.…”