Vasorelaxant Mechanism of Herbal Extracts from Mentha suaveolens, Conyza canadensis, Teucrium polium and Salvia verbenaca in the Aorta of Wistar Rats

Abstract

Mentha suaveolens (MS), Conyza canadensis (CC), Teucrium polium (TP) and Salvia verbenaca (SV) are used in Morocco to treat hypertension. Our aim was to characterize the composition and vasoreactivity of extracts of MS, CC, TP and SV. The chemical compositions of aqueous extracts of MS, SV and TP, and of a hydromethanolic extract of CC, were identified by HPLC-DAD. The vasoreactive effect was tested in rings of the thoracic aorta of female Wistar rats (8–14 weeks-old) pre-contracted with 10 µM noradrenaline, in the absence or presence of L-NAME 100 µM, indomethacin 10 µM or atropine 6 µM, to inhibit nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase or muscarinic receptors, respectively. L-NAME and atropine decreased the vasorelaxant effect caused by low concentrations of MS. Atropine and indomethacin decreased the vasorelaxant effect of low concentrations of SV. High concentrations of MS or SV and the effect of SV and TP were not altered by any antagonist. The activation of muscarinic receptors and NO or the cyclooxygenase pathway underlie the vasorelaxant effect of MS and SV, respectively. Neither of those mechanisms underlines the vasorelaxant effect of CC and TP. These vasorelaxant effect might support the use of herbal teas from these plants as anti-hypertensives in folk medicine.

Conyza canadensis from Jordan: Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation

“…Rosmarinic acid was determined in a considerable concentration in our study. It was absent in the methanolic extract of Moroccan origin [22]. These findings further confirm the effect of environmental and climatic conditions on the biosynthetic pathways of plants, consequently leading to a wide spectrum of differences in secondary metabolite composition and bioactivity potentials.…”

“…A previous phytochemical screening of C. canadensis secondary metabolites revealed the presence of polyacetylene derivatives [13], triterpenes [14][15][16], flavones, and phenolic compounds [17,18]. Furthermore, plants belonging to this genus were reported for their interesting bioactivity [4,6,8,[19][20][21][22]. However, previous studies revealed that none of the Conyza plants from the flora of Jordan, including C. canadensis, were investigated before, neither for their chemical constituents nor for their bioactivity potentials.…”

LC-MS Fingerprinting Development for Standardized Precipitate from Agastache mexicana, Which Induces Antihypertensive Effect through NO Production and Calcium Channel Blockade

“…Lack of relaxation with carbachol (1 µM) after the last contraction allowed us to confirm the absence of endothelium. After the final NA-induced contraction, the extract was added in a volume of 100 µL; then, concentration–response assays were conducted for each arterial ring, the relaxation was compared before and after the addition of extracts, using Acknowledge 3.8.1 software (Biopac ® ) [ 17 ]. To evaluate the vasorelaxant action due to PP Am , two approaches were followed: in endothelium containing aortic rings, enzyme inhibitors of endothelium signaling pathways were used, as follows: 15 min before last NA-induced contraction, aortic rings were exposed to L-NAME 175 (10 μM, nitric oxide synthases inhibitor), or indomethacin (10 μM, cyclooxygenases inhibitor), accordingly [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Optimization of Polyphenols and Antioxidants Extraction from <i>Mentha Suaveolens</i> Subspecies Timija

“…Mentha suaveolens subsp. timija is a fragrant herbaceous perennial from the Lamiaceae family, indigenous to Southern and Western Europe, thriving in the humid regions of Morocco (El-Akhal et al, 2022). Also known as apple mint, this a botanical specimen renowned for its fragrant foliage and distinct medicinal properties including cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, and insecticidal properties, among others (Božović et al, 2015).…”