Vast release of submaxillary mouse renin to saliva after stimulation with cholinergic, β-adrenergic but especially α-adrenergic agonists

Abstract

\g=a\-adrenergic stimulation with phenylephrine causes release of vast amounts of mouse submaxillary gland renin to saliva. The amount released is about 100-fold higher than that released after \g=b\-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol and about 1000-fold higher than the amount released after cholinergic stimulation with pilocarpine. \g=a\-blockadewith phenoxybenzamine before phenylephrine stimulation strongly inhibits the renin release. However, phenoxybenzamine or \ g = b \ \ x = r e q -\ blockade with propranolol before isoproterenol stimulation have no effect on the amount of renin released.Thus, the release of submaxillary mouse renin to saliva is triggered mainly by activation of \g=a\-adrenergicreceptors. Renin in cholinergic and \g=a\-and \g=b\-adrenergic stimulated saliva has the same molecular weight and the same specific enzymatic activity as renin in the submaxillary gland. This indicates that renin is secreted to saliva, and probably also to the blood, in its fully enzymically active 40000 mol. wt. form regardless of the stimulus used. The vast amounts of renin released to saliva (up to 600 Goldblatt Units) demonstrate that submaxillary mouse renin is secreted predominantly to saliva and much less to the blood. The mouse submaxillary gland therefore seems to have an exocrine rather than an endocrine role for release of renin.

Increase in plasma renin in aggressive mice originates from kidneys, submaxillary and other salivary glands, and bites.

“…The vast renin concentration in aggression-provoked saliva, which may be mimicked by a-adrenergic stimulation, 5 reaches values of 6000 GU x ml" 1 (Pedersen EB, Poulsen K, unpublished data). Such high concentrations are a hazard to all physiological studies because of the risk of contamination.…”

“…Since a-adrenergic stimulation with phenylephrine provokes a vast renin release in the saliva, 5 it was …”

Systemic immune response development in Albino rats after retrograde instillation of COVID-19 vaccine to submandibular salivary gland: An experimental study

“…These lymphoid tissues represent the site of B cell activation and the inducer for cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. 4 In addition to the immune function and the well-known exocrine function, many researchers have demonstrated that SGs have an endocrine function 5 , 6 such as secretion from rodent SMG into the blood has been demonstrated for glucagon, 7 EGF, 8 NGF, 9 renin 10 , kallikrein 11 , and sialorphin 12 , 13 . Additionally, parotid gland endocrine secretion has been confirmed for a protein complex originally extracted from bovine parotid glands 14 and amylase.…”