Vection Is Unaffected by Circadian Rhythms

Abstract

We examined the effect of circadian rhythms on self-motion perception (vection). We measured the strength of vection (i.e. latency, duration, and magnitude of vection) every three hours from 9 AM to 9 PM. The results showed that vection was similar at all times measured. Thus, we concluded that vection was unaffected by circadian clock.

Twenty-Hour Sleep Deprivation Does Not Affect Perceived Vection Strength

“…However, there was no effect of sleep deprivation on vection strength. This result coincides with Hypothesis 2, which incorporated the idea that vection is not affected by circadian rhythms [35].…”

“…At the same time, it has been reported that vection cannot be modulated by circadian rhythms, and that vection strength remained constant from 9:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. [35]. From this fact, we can make a second hypothesis (Hypothesis 2) that vection strength would not be changed through sleep deprivation.…”

The Oscillating Potential Model of Visually Induced Vection

“…In our review of the recent literature, we found more than 50 papers where all three of these measures were obtained in the same experiment (see Allison, Ash, & Palmisano, 2014 ; Apthorp & Palmisano, 2014 ; Bonato & Bubka, 2006 ; Bonato, Bubka, Palmisano, Phillip, & Moreno, 2008 ; Brandt et al., 1973 ; Bubka & Bonato, 2010 ; Bubka et al., 2008 ; Gurnsey, Fleet, & Potechin, 1998 ; Guterman, Allison, Palmisano, & Zacher, 2012 ; Keshavarz et al., 2015 ; Keshavarz, Speck, Haycock, & Berti, 2017 ; Kim & Palmisano, 2008 , 2010a ; Mohler, Thompson, Riecke, & Bülthoff, 2005 ; Nakamura, 2006 , 2010 , 2012 , 2013a , 2013b , 2013c , 2013d , 2013e ; Nakamura, Palmisano, & Kim, 2016 ; Nakamura, Seno, Ito, & Sunaga, 2010 , 2013 ; Nakamura & Shimojo, 1998 , 1999 , 2003 ; Ogawa, Ito, & Seno, 2015 ; Ogawa & Seno, 2014 ; Ogawa, Seno, Matsumori, & Higuchi, 2015 ; Palmisano, 1996 ; Palmisano, Burke, & Allison, 2003 ; Palmisano & Chan, 2004 ; Palmisano, Gillam, & Blackburn, 2000 ; Palmisano & Kim, 2009 ; Palmisano et al., 2011 , 2015 ; Palmisano, Summersby, Davies & Kim, 2016 ; Riecke et al., 2006 , 2009; R...…”

“…Five out of these seven laboratory experiments had been published as scientific articles (in either English or Japanese—see Ogawa, Ito, & Seno, 2015 ; Ogawa & Seno, 2016 ; Ogawa, Seno, Matsumori, & Higuchi, 2015 ; Seno & Nagata, 2016 ; Seno, Ogawa, Tokunaga, & Kanaya, 2016 ). The remaining two experiments have yet to be published as papers.…”

“…In our review of the recent literature, we found more than 50 papers where all three of these measures were obtained in the same experiment (see Allison, Ash, & Palmisano, 2014;Bonato & Bubka, 2006;Bonato, Bubka, Palmisano, Phillip, & Moreno, 2008;Brandt et al, 1973;Bubka & Bonato, 2010;Bubka et al, 2008;Gurnsey, Fleet, & Potechin, 1998;Keshavarz et al, 2015;Keshavarz, Speck, Haycock, & Berti, 2017;Kim & Palmisano, 2008, 2010aMohler, Thompson, Riecke, & Bu¨lthoff, 2005;Nakamura, 2006Nakamura, , 2010Nakamura, , 2012Nakamura, , 2013aNakamura, , 2013bNakamura, , 2013cNakamura, , 2013dNakamura, Palmisano, & Kim, 2016;Nakamura, Seno, Ito, & Sunaga, 2010, 2013Nakamura & Shimojo, 1998Ogawa, Ito, & Seno, 2015;Ogawa & Seno, 2014;Ogawa, Seno, Matsumori, & Higuchi, 2015;Palmisano, 1996 While other studies did not obtained all three measures together, most obtained at least one or more of them 4 (e.g., Allison, Zacher, Kirollos, Guterman, & Palmisano, 2012;Andersen & Braunstein, 1985;Ash & Palmisano, 2012;Ash, Palmisano, Apthorp, & Allison, 2013;Ash, Palmisano, Govan, & Kim, 2011;Becker, Raab, & Ju¨rgens, 2002;Brandt, Dichgans, & Bu¨chele, 1974;Brandt, Wist, & Dichgans, 1975;…”