Vector vortex breathers in thermal nonlocal media

Interactions of Self-Localised Optical Wavepackets in Reorientational Soft Matter

“…As discussed in Section 4, an optical vortex beam is a much less stable entity than a nematicon, so when it interacts with a dielectric defect, it can be destabilised and break up into individual beams [80]. A co-propagating coaxial nematicon can stabilise an optical vortex in a uniform NLC sample, as demonstrated both experimentally [36] and theoretically [109,110], as was also found experimentally and theoretically for co-propagating solitary waves and optical vortices in thermal nonlinear optical media [86][87][88]. It was found that a refracting vortex can also be stabilised by a co-propagating co-polarised nematicon which acts as a graded-index waveguide and routes the vortex [111,112].…”

“…As we did earlier, we note that self-focusing thermal media have also been exploited for analytical, numerical and experimental studies of solitary wave-vortex interactions. In [86][87][88], the authors used orthogonally polarised beams in a cylindrical medium, illustrating the propagation of a coupled bell-shape beam with a higher-order ring or doughnut-like vortex. At a critical power ratio stationary vector solitary waves can be excited, as confirmed by experiments in lead glass [86][87][88].…”

“…In [86][87][88], the authors used orthogonally polarised beams in a cylindrical medium, illustrating the propagation of a coupled bell-shape beam with a higher-order ring or doughnut-like vortex. At a critical power ratio stationary vector solitary waves can be excited, as confirmed by experiments in lead glass [86][87][88].…”

Compression and stretching of ring vortex in a bulk nonlinear medium

“…In pursuit of these applications, numerous remarkable technologies have been proposed to generate vector vortex beams; however, the creation of novel vector vortex beams remains a significant challenge. [15][16][17][18] Despite the availability of numerous numerical investigations, the analytical analysis concerning the formation of vector vortex solitons remains relatively limited.…”