Vegetable biocholine as a hepatoprotectant in laying hens fed with diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine whether the addition of vegetable biocholine (VB) in laying hens feed minimises the effects of daily intake of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). We allocated Hy-line Brown line laying hens into four groups with four replications/group and four birds/repetition. The treatments were as follows: Afla0Bio0: basal feed without aflatoxin and VB (natural contamination: 0.026 mg AFB1/kg), Afla0Bio800, basal feed supplementation of 800 mg VB/kg (natural contamination: 0.024 mg AFB1/kg); Afla2.5Bio0, basal feed contaminated experimentally with aflatoxin (2.51 mg/kg); Afla2.5Bio800, basal feed contaminated with aflatoxin (2.50 mg/kg) and supplemented with 800 mg VB/kg. The experiment took place over a period of 42 days, divided into two cycles of 21 days each. Significance was indicated by P≤0.05. The inclusion of aflatoxin reduced egg production after 42 days of consumption of contaminated feed. VB supplementation in the tested dose was insufficient to minimise the negative effects of the toxin on the laying rate. There was a lower percentage of yolk in Afla2Bio0 than in Afla0Bio0, and a higher percentage of albumen and specific gravity in Afla2.5Bio0 than in Afla0Bio0. Ingestion of aflatoxin in the feed increased lipoperoxidation (LPO) and decreased antioxidant capacity in the egg yolk; however, when VB was added, LPO was similar to the control. Lower total bacterial count (TBC) in the eggshell was observed when the birds consumed VB, as well as higher TBC in the eggshell of the birds was challenged with aflatoxin. In the blood of birds that consumed aflatoxin (Afla2.5Bio0) there was an increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase and a reduction in the activities of glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In the birds that consumed VB without aflatoxin challenge, we observed that there was a stimulation of GPx activity. We conclude that the consumption of VB had positive effects on the health of the laying hens and improved the quality of the eggs.

A consortium of detoxifying bacteria mitigates the aflatoxin B1 toxicosis on performance, health, and blood constituents of laying hens

“…This reduced score in the HU is presumed to be due to the effects of AFs on egg formation and interference in the normal course of fat mobilization from the liver to the ovary ( Manafi, 2018 ). A lower yolk percentage and a higher proportion of albumen have been reported in laying hens as a result of AFB1 consumption ( Dazuk et al, 2021 ) which are not concurrent with the current experiment in which no significant differences were observed in yolk percentages and the higher percentages of albumen were observed in PC, NC, and MTB. This discrepancy might be due to the dosage of AFB1 (2,510 vs. 500 ppb) and temporal exposure to AFB1 (42 d vs. 12 wk).…”

“…This may lead to a decline in defense system to combat lipid peroxidation ( Bagherzadeh Kasmani et al, 2018 ). Augmenting lipoperoxidation and diminishing antioxidant capacity was also demonstrated in a study with laying hens in which birds were exposed to AFB1 for 42 d ( Dazuk et al, 2021 ). Therefore, a better function of liver through depressing MDA level by MF, MTA and MTB would seem to be the conclusion drawn from the current experiment.…”

“…Similar to our study, their result of FCR was also improved. The detrimental effects of AFs on EP and egg grade have already been demonstrated in laying hens ( Dazuk et al, 2021 ) and Japanese quail ( Manafi, 2018 ) along with a poor FCR. Manafi (2018) has also found a lighter EW by AFB1 and heavier EW in a group receiving a toxin-binder (NBM) along with AFB1.…”

Foreword – special issue Mycotoxins in Latin America

“…A study showed the efficacy of vegetable biocholine to improve the health of laying hens and the quality of eggs of the laying hens feed with a diet contaminated with AFB 1 (Dazuk et al, 2021). The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as probiotic in pig diets was effective to reduce the toxic effects of AFB 1 in intestines.…”

Can the Inclusion of a Vegetable Biocholine Additive in Pig Feed Contaminated with Aflatoxin Reduce Toxicological Impacts on Animal Health and Performance?

“…Vegetable biocholine (VB) in fish diet improved health and performance [12]; when these fish were challenged with aflatoxin B1, biocholine had a hepatoprotective effect [12]. A similar effect was observed in laying hens exposed to aflatoxin B1 [13]. Based on this information, we aimed to determine whether adding VB to pigs' diet would minimize the adverse effects caused by daily aflatoxin intake, focusing on performance and health.…”