Vegetable Diversity, Injurious Falls, and Fracture Risk in Older Women: A Prospective Cohort Study

Sim, Marc; Blekkenhorst, Lauren C.; Lewis, Joshua R.; Bondonno, Catherine P.; Devine, Amanda; Zhu, Kun; Woodman, Richard; Prince, Richard; Hodgson, Jonathan M.

doi:10.3390/nu10081081

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Therefore, future analysis based on factors related to vegetable variety is necessary. Furthermore, as previously reported [ 19 , 20 , 21 ], the group with higher vegetable consumption had a greater vegetable variety. Although the vegetable items were adopted from the food numbers in the Standards Tables of Food Composition in Japan-2015-(Seventh Revised Edition) [ 18 ], the Guidelines for Measuring Household and Individual Dietary Diversity by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) [ 30 ] classify vegetable groups differently into categories such as vitamin A-rich vegetables and tubers, dark green leafy vegetables, and other vegetables.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Height (m) and weight (kg) were self-reported and used to calculate body mass index (kg/m 2 ). In addition, the amount of vegetable consumption has been found to be strongly correlated with vegetable variety in several studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Therefore, the questionnaire also asked for the habitual consumption of the number of vegetable servings [ 22 ], which was correlated with the amount of vegetable consumption assessed by the diet history questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Number of Days Required to Estimate Habitual Vegetable Variety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Dietary Records for 7 Consecutive Days

Kurisaki

Kushida

2021

Nutrients

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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the number of days required to estimate habitual vegetable variety by conducting a multiday, dietary record. Sixty respondents from three groups in Japan (rural residents, general students, and nutrition students) participated in the study using a self-administered questionnaire in September 2018. To measure vegetable variety, the number of different vegetables consumed was extracted from the dietary records of seven consecutive days. Differences in the number of vegetables consumed and the capture proportion over seven consecutive days between groups were examined using repeated measures analysis of variance and one-way analysis of variance. The vegetable variety between each day was also compared using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The vegetable variety based on dietary records for seven consecutive days confirmed the differences between groups by repeated measurements (p = 0.013). However, there was no significant difference among groups in the capture proportion per survey day based on seven consecutive days. Furthermore, there were significant correlations between the number of vegetables consumed over seven consecutive days and that consumed on two or more days (r > 0.50, p < 0.01) and especially three or more days in all groups (r > 0.70, p < 0.001). The present study suggested that a dietary survey over two or more days could provide an estimate of habitual vegetable variety.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number of Days Required to Estimate Habitual Vegetable Variety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Dietary Records for 7 Consecutive Days

Kurisaki

Kushida

2021

Nutrients

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“…In a recent review, Pruimboom and Muskiet [38] discussed the disparity between the plant diversity of Homo sapiens' diet of over 135,00 years ago at over 3000 species compared to the modern-day diet of which 400 plant species are gathered, but only more than 100 are utilized for food. Research suggests that greater variety of fruits and vegetables may have more significant impact on health markers like blood pressure, oxidative damage, and risk of falls than a less-varied diet [39][40][41][42]. In an excellent review article making a case for food diversity for the gut microbiome, Toribio-Mateas [43] recommends a "50-food challenge" chart to log intake of fresh fruits, vegetables, herbs, and spices over a 7-day period.…”

Section: Botanical Diversity and Colormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Science of Colorful, Plant-Based Food and Practical Strategies for “Eating the Rainbow”

Minich

2019

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Over the past decades, thousands of published studies have amassed supporting recommendations to consume fruits and vegetables for physiological and psychological health. Newer research has emerged to suggest that these plant-based foods contain a plethora of not only vitamins and minerals, but perhaps, most importantly, phytonutrients. These phytonutrients have known pleiotropic effects on cellular structure and function, ultimately resulting in the modulation of protein kinases and subsequent epigenetic modification in a manner that leads to improved outcomes. Even though eating fruits and vegetables is a well-known feature of a healthy dietary pattern, population intakes continue to be below federal recommendations. To encourage consumers to include fruits and vegetables into their diet, an “eat by color” approach is proposed in this review. Although each individual food may have numerous effects based on its constituents, the goal of this simplified approach was to identify general patterns of benefits based on the preponderance of scientific data and known mechanisms of food-based constituents. It is suggested that such a consumer-oriented categorization of these plant-based foods may lead to greater recognition of their importance in the daily diet throughout the lifespan. Other adjunctive strategies to heighten awareness of fruits and vegetables are discussed.

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“…quantity of food in this research is recognized. 23 Nutritional studies with validated techniques could establish more robust relationships for the understanding of this factor. It could be observed in this study that the ingestion of dark green vegetables had a negative association with the occurrence of falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with falls in elderly people with osteopenia or osteoporosis counter-referred from secondary care

Pinheiro¹,

Reis²,

Ruas³

2020

Rev Bras Farm Hosp Serv Saude

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Objective: Analyze the factors associated with the occurrence of falls in the elderly with low bone mineral density. Methods: Study performed between July 2014 and January 2016. Involved a cross sectional secondary data collection and telephone survey to counterreferred elderly patients from a secondary care service for primary care service in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Results: Were analyzed data from 2.020 patients and, among them, 1.120 were selected to participation in telephone survey phase. Respondents were predominantly female, aged 70-79 years, with normal or overweight body mass index, diagnosed with osteoporosis and family history of fractures. Regarding habits, the greater proportion did not practice physical activities, did not drink and smoke, did not sunbathe and had low intake of dark green vegetables. In addition, most of them had a fixed income, had been contacted by primary care after counterreferral and depended exclusively on the National Unified Health System. Higher proportion of falls was observed among women, in patients diagnosed with osteoporosis, with advanced age, who did not receive contact to return to the health center and in those with individual and family history of fractures. Statistical analysis demonstrate female gender, advanced age, individual or family history of fractures and low or no intake of dark green vegetables were factors that increased the risk of falls. Conclusion: Recommendations for improving health habits are simple actions and should be encouraged because they contribute to reducing the occurrence of falls and, consequently, it may lead to decrease morbidity and mortality of elderly patients.

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Vegetable Diversity, Injurious Falls, and Fracture Risk in Older Women: A Prospective Cohort Study

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Number of Days Required to Estimate Habitual Vegetable Variety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Dietary Records for 7 Consecutive Days

Number of Days Required to Estimate Habitual Vegetable Variety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Dietary Records for 7 Consecutive Days

A Review of the Science of Colorful, Plant-Based Food and Practical Strategies for “Eating the Rainbow”

Factors associated with falls in elderly people with osteopenia or osteoporosis counter-referred from secondary care

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