Vegetable grafting: principles and practices

Pérez‐Alfocea, Francisco; Colla, G.; Schwarz, Dietmar

doi:10.1079/9781780648972.0000

Cited by 49 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 629 publications

(953 reference statements)

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“…These reasons might explain the observed discrepancy between root and shoot biomass correlation. In some cases however, an increased root-to-shoot ratio is an important measure for the development of new breeding lines that should serve as rootstock for grafting or foster stress tolerances (Colla et al, 2017;Singh et al, 2017). Therefore, it might be advisable to investigate the root weight and a biomass parameter for the shoot as minimal input to obtain a sufficient representation of biomass production and basic info on its allocation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Tolerance—A Computational Approach to Assess Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato Under Greenhouse Conditions

Biermann¹,

Bach²,

Kläring³

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Modern plant cultivars often possess superior growth characteristics, but within a limited range of environmental conditions. Due to climate change, crops will be exposed to distressing abiotic conditions more often in the future, out of which heat stress is used as example for this study. To support identification of tolerant germplasm and advance screening techniques by a novel multivariate evaluation method, a diversity panel of 14 tomato genotypes, comprising Mediterranean landraces of Solanum lycopersicum, the cultivar “Moneymaker” and Solanum pennellii LA0716, which served as internal references, was assessed toward their tolerance against long-term heat stress. After 5 weeks of growth, young tomato plants were exposed to either control (22/18°C) or heat stress (35/25°C) conditions for 2 weeks. Within this period, water consumption, leaf angles and leaf color were determined. Additionally, gas exchange and leaf temperature were investigated. Finally, biomass traits were recorded. The resulting multivariate dataset on phenotypic plasticity was evaluated to test the hypothesis, that more tolerant genotypes have less affected phenotypes upon stress adaptation. For this, a cluster-analysis-based approach was developed that involved a principal component analysis (PCA), dimension reduction and determination of Euclidean distances. These distances served as measure for the phenotypic plasticity upon heat stress. Statistical evaluation allowed the identification and classification of homogeneous groups consisting each of four putative more or less heat stress tolerant genotypes. The resulting classification of the internal references as “tolerant” highlights the applicability of our proposed tolerance assessment model. PCA factor analysis on principal components 1–3 which covered 76.7% of variance within the phenotypic data, suggested that some laborious measure such as the gas exchange might be replaced with the determination of leaf temperature in larger heat stress screenings. Hence, the overall advantage of the presented method is rooted in its suitability of both, planning and executing screenings for abiotic stress tolerance using multivariate phenotypic data to overcome the challenge of identifying abiotic stress tolerant plants from existing germplasms and promote sustainable agriculture for the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Tolerance—A Computational Approach to Assess Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato Under Greenhouse Conditions

Biermann¹,

Bach²,

Kläring³

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…Grafting commercial watermelon cultivars onto resistant rootstocks has proven to be a successful approach to manage plant diseases, being a widely accepted practice in some parts of the world (Oda, 2002;Miguel et al, 2004;Cohen et al, 2007;Yetişir et al, 2007;Leonardi et al, 2017). Cucurbita hybrids, the most popular watermelon rootstocks, are resistant to some soil-borne fungal diseases but susceptible to RKN (López-Gómez et al, 2016;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of two Citrullus amarus accessions to isolates of three species of Meloidogyne and their graft compatibility with watermelon

et al. 2019

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The response of two Citrullus amarus accessions, BGV0005164 and BGV0005167, was assessed against different Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne incognita, and Meloidogyne javanica isolates in pot experiments and against M. incognita in plastic greenhouse. In the pot experiments, plants were inoculated with a second-stage juvenile per cm 3 of sterile sand and maintained in a growth chamber at 25°C for 50 days. The watermelon cv. Sugar Baby was included as a susceptible control for comparison. At the end of the experiments, the number of egg masses and eggs per plant was determined, and the reproduction index was calculated as the percentage of the number of eggs produced in the C. amarus accessions with regard to that produced in the susceptible cv. Sugar Baby. In the plastic greenhouse experiment, the ungrafted watermelon cv. Sugar Baby and watermelons grafted onto each of the C. amarus accessions and onto the watermelon rootstock cv. Robusta were cultivated from May to August 2016 in plots with nematode densities from 46 to 1392 J2 per 250 cm 3 of soil at transplantation. At the end of the experiment, the galling index and the number of eggs per plant were determined, and the reproduction index was calculated. Additionally, the compatibility of the two accessions with the watermelon cv. Sugar Baby and the effect on fruit quality (weight, size, shape, firmness, pH, total soluble solids, and flesh color) were assessed under a hydroponic system in a greenhouse. The commercial rootstocks cv. Cobalt and cv. Robusta were also included. All the Meloidogyne isolates produced less egg masses and eggs per plant on the accessions than on Sugar Baby. Both accessions performed as resistant against M. arenaria, and from highly to moderately resistant to M. incognita and M. javanica in pot experiments. In the plastic greenhouse experiment, both C. amarus accessions performed as resistant to M. incognita. Both C. amarus accessions were compatible with the watermelon cv. Sugar Baby, but only the BGV0005167 accession did not influence the fruit quality. Then, the BGV0005167 accession is a promising rootstock for managing the three tropical root-knot nematode species without influencing watermelon fruit quality.

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“…Yet fruit quality along the horticultural supply chain and ultimately at the customer end is largely influenced by postharvest handling and storage practices. Watermelon is a non-climacteric fruit with a cultivar-dependent but overall brief shelf-life of less than three weeks at 10-15 • C [8]. Previous work on rootstock-mediated watermelon postharvest performance is limited, but has established that grafting effects on the physicochemical composition of watermelon fruit extend to the postharvest period [1,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory Effects of Interspecific and Gourd Rootstocks on Crop Performance, Physicochemical Quality, Bioactive Components and Postharvest Performance of Diploid and Triploid Watermelon Scions

2020

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Vegetable grafting has become entrenched as a sustainable tool for addressing biotic and abiotic stresses of vegetable crops, including watermelon. The concerted action of scion–rootstock genotypes in shaping crop performance, fruit quality and postharvest behavior of watermelon is critical. In this respect, scions of different ploidy grafted on interspecific and gourd rootstocks were assessed. Yield traits were strongly influenced by rootstock, as opposed to fruit morphometric characteristics. Interspecific rootstock supported stable yield across seasons with a 20.5% increase over gourd, and induced thicker rind and higher pulp firmness by 30.1% over gourd, which constitute advantageous traits for shelf-life. Interspecific rootstock also increased lycopene content, which was further influenced by scion genotype irrespective of ploidy. Triploid cultivars attained higher firmness but lower sugars than diploid, which renders the former particularly prone to loss of sensory quality during postharvest depletion of sugars. Although total and reducing sugars decreased during storage, sucrose increased, which in conjunction with the postharvest accumulation of lycopene sheds new light on the postharvest physiology of watermelon. The marginal rootstock effect on sugars renders interspecific rootstock superior to gourd on account of higher yield, firmness and lycopene content. The present work constitutes a contribution toward understanding rootstock–scion relations and how they mediate crop performance, fruit quality and postharvest behavior of watermelon.

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Vegetable grafting: principles and practices

Cited by 49 publications

References 629 publications

Discovering Tolerance—A Computational Approach to Assess Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato Under Greenhouse Conditions

Discovering Tolerance—A Computational Approach to Assess Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato Under Greenhouse Conditions

Response of two Citrullus amarus accessions to isolates of three species of Meloidogyne and their graft compatibility with watermelon

Modulatory Effects of Interspecific and Gourd Rootstocks on Crop Performance, Physicochemical Quality, Bioactive Components and Postharvest Performance of Diploid and Triploid Watermelon Scions

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