Vegetation and soil biota response to experimentally-changed nitrogen inputs in coniferous forest ecosystems of the NITREX project

Boxman, A.W.; Blanck, Kai; Brandrud, Tor-Erik; Emmett, Bridget A.; Gundersen, P.; Hogervorst, R.F.; Kjønaas, O. Janne; Persson, Henrik J.; Timmermann, Volkmar

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00126-6

Cited by 135 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Some other studies showed that soil respiration would be suppressed under N addition (Boxman et al, 1998;Mo et al, 2008). However, the repeated measures ANOVA in our study showed that a positive effect on soil respiration existed in the NN treatment, which may primarily owe to N addition stimulating soil respiration rate at the very start of the experiment.…”

Section: Effect Of N Addition On Soil Respirationcontrasting

confidence: 66%

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Global climate change in the real world always exhibits simultaneous changes in multiple factors. Prediction of ecosystem responses to multi-factor global changes in a future world strongly relies on our understanding of their interactions. However, it is still unclear how nitrogen (N) deposition and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO 2 ] would interactively influence forest floor soil respiration in subtropical China. We assessed the main and interactive effects of elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition on soil respiration by growing tree seedlings in ten large open-top chambers under CO 2 (ambient CO 2 and 700 µmol mol −1 ) and nitrogen (ambient and 100 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ) treatments. Soil respiration, soil temperature and soil moisture were measured for 30 months, as well as above-ground biomass, root biomass and soil organic matter (SOM). Results showed that soil respiration displayed strong seasonal patterns with higher values observed in the wet season (April-September) and lower values in the dry season (October-March) in all treatments. Significant exponential relationships between soil respiration rates and soil temperatures, as well as significant linear relationships between soil respiration rates and soil moistures (below 15%) were found. Both CO 2 and N treatments significantly affected soil respiration, and there was significant interaction between elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, and p = 0.006, respectively). We also observed that the stimulatory effect of individual elevated [CO 2 ] (about 29% increased) was maintained throughout the experimental period. The positive effect of N addition was found only in 2006 (8.17% increased), and then had been weakened over time. Their combined effect on soil respiration (about 50% increased) was greater thanCorrespondence to: D. Zhang (zhangdeq@scbg.ac.cn) the impact of either one alone. Mean value of annual soil respiration was 5.32 ± 0.08, 4.54 ± 0.10, 3.56 ± 0.03 and 3.53 ± 0.03 kg CO 2 m −2 yr −1 in the chambers exposed to elevated [CO 2 ] and high N deposition (CN), elevated [CO 2 ] and ambient N deposition (CC), ambient [CO 2 ] and high N deposition (NN), and ambient [CO 2 ] and ambient N deposition (CK as a control), respectively. Greater above-ground biomass and root biomass was obtained in the CN, CC and NN treatments, and higher soil organic matter was observed only in the CN treatment. In conclusion, the combined effect of elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition on soil respiration was apparent interaction. They should be evaluated in combination in subtropical forest ecosystems in China where the atmospheric CO 2 and N deposition have been increasing simultaneously and remarkably.

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Section: Effect Of N Addition On Soil Respirationcontrasting

confidence: 66%

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

et al. 2010

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“…Increasing N deposition even decreased concentrations of P in spruce (-20%, P<0.01) and beech (-15%, P<0.01). This suggests that elevated N deposition induced a P limitation, which is in accordance with increased N/P ratios and lower P concentrations under elevated N depositions in mature forests (Aber et al 1989;Boxman et al 1998). Another reason for the lacking interaction between CO 2 × N could be that the addition of 5-7 g N m -2 a -1 did not remove N limitation completely in the acidic loam, as suggested by negligible effects of elevated N deposition on concentrations of dissolved N in the soil solution at 25 cm and deeper in the soil (see Table 3 for 50 cm depth).…”

Section: Soil-dependent Co 2 Effects On Nutrient Accumulation In Beecmentioning

confidence: 54%

Elevated CO2 influences nutrient availability in young beech-spruce communities on two soil types

et al. 2002

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The objectives of this study were to investigate how different soil types and elevated N deposition (0.7 vs 7 g N ma) influence the effects of elevated CO (370 vs 570 µmol CO mol) on soil nutrients and net accumulation of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn in spruce (Picea abies) and beech (Fagus sylvatica). Model ecosystems were established in large open-top chambers on two different forest soils: a nutrient-poor acidic loam and a nutrient-rich calcareous sand. The response of net nutrient accumulation to elevated atmospheric CO depended upon soil type (interaction soil × CO, P<0.05 for N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Zn) and differed between spruce and beech. On the acidic loam, CO enrichment suppressed net accumulation of all nutrients in beech (P<0.05 for P, S, Zn), but stimulated it for spruce (P<0.05 for Fe, Zn) On the nutrient-rich calcareous sand, increased atmospheric CO enhanced nutrient accumulation in both species significantly. Increasing the N deposition did not influence the CO effects on net nutrient accumulation with either soil. Under elevated atmospheric CO, the accumulation of N declined relative to other nutrients, as indicated by decreasing ratios of N to other nutrients in tree biomass (all ratios: P<0.001, except the N to S ratio). In both the soil and soil solution, elevated CO did not influence concentrations of base cations and available P. Under CO enrichment, concentrations of exchangeable NH decreased by 22% in the acidic loam and increased by 50% in the calcareous sand (soil × CO, P<0.001). NO concentrations decreased by 10-70% at elevated CO in both soils (P<0.01).

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“…Effluxes of NO and N 2 O also may increase because of nitrification or denitrification processes (Davidson et al 2000), which may become significant if soils are imperfectly or variably drained soils. In stage 3, experimental additions of Nr may decrease tree growth (e.g., Magill et al 2000), while decreases in Nr deposition may increase tree growth (Beier et al 1998, Boxman et al 1998. Excess Nr may damage forests by causing nutrient imbalances and by increasing sensitivity to factors such as frost and attacks by fungi (Erisman and de Vries 2000).…”

Section: Terrestrial Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nitrogen Cascade

Galloway¹,

Aber²,

Erisman³

et al. 2003

BioScience

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Vegetation and soil biota response to experimentally-changed nitrogen inputs in coniferous forest ecosystems of the NITREX project

Cited by 135 publications

References 36 publications

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

Elevated CO2 influences nutrient availability in young beech-spruce communities on two soil types

The Nitrogen Cascade

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