Vegetation changes and formation of small-scale urban heat islands in three populated districts of Kerala State, India

Did the Covid-19 restrictions influence land surface temperatures in Southeast Asia? A study from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

“…However, UN ( 2014 ) also reported that there will be a 64% increase in urban population in Asia by 2025 due to the rapid growth of urban areas. Urban sprawl, which is the rapid expansion of the extend of cities and towns, has a number of negative impacts, such as deforestation, habitat loss, pollution (air, water, land), greenhouse gas emission and the formation of urban heat islands (UHI), biodiversity degradation and alterations in nutrient and mineral cycles, on the environment (Estoque and Murayama 2014 ; Son and Thanh 2018 ; Veettil and Grondona 2018 ). These negative impacts can be particularly high when the urban areas are expanded without proper planning (Ranagalage et al 2014 ).…”

“…The spatiotemporal measurements of LST, particularly using satellite data, have been used by a number of researchers as a reliable method to understand the development of UHI (e.g. Son and Thanh 2018 ; Veettil and Grondona 2018 ). Another method to understand UHI dynamics is by in situ measurements of air temperatures (Nichol et al 2009 ).…”

“…Remote sensing applications have been used as an effective tool for understanding spatiotemporal patterns of UHI formation in a number of studies (Grondona et al 2013 ; Son et al 2017 ; Veettil and Grondona 2018 ). As a result of the availability of Landsat image series and ASTER imagery with thermal data since the 1980s, it is possible to understand the complex patterns and development of UHIs in urban areas ranging from small cities to megacities (Son and Thanh 2018 ; Veettil and Grondona 2018 ).…”

“…Remote sensing applications have been used as an effective tool for understanding spatiotemporal patterns of UHI formation in a number of studies (Grondona et al 2013 ; Son et al 2017 ; Veettil and Grondona 2018 ). As a result of the availability of Landsat image series and ASTER imagery with thermal data since the 1980s, it is possible to understand the complex patterns and development of UHIs in urban areas ranging from small cities to megacities (Son and Thanh 2018 ; Veettil and Grondona 2018 ). Moreover, despite the limitations in spatial resolution, remote sensing methods are still effective and faster in monitoring UHI phenomena compared to time-consuming and expensive in situ data collection and analysis methods, particularly when the study period is long.…”

The Impact of Tree-Planting Location on the Microclimate and Thermal Comfort of the Micro-Public Space

“…In the process of urban development, leading to a series of environmental problems, many green ecological spaces were replaced by buildings and roads. Poor urban ventilation and the aggravation of heat islands affect people's quality of life, urban sustainable development, and even physical and mental health [1][2][3]. Therefore, it is urgent to reduce the density of urban buildings, increase public space, and improve the residential environment.…”