Vegetation Changes in a Small Michigan Bog from 1917 to 1972

Schwintzer, Christa R.; Williams, Gary C.

doi:10.2307/2424308

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Many of these species were described in the previously cited studies as the pioneering bog species to return following a disturbance. Nemopanthus mucronata returned after flooding, as did Chamaedaphae calyculata angustifolia, Acer rubrurn, Sphagnum, Carex trisperma, Ilex verticillata, and Pinus strobus (Schwintzer and Williams 1974). Larix laricina returned following burning, and so did Chamaedaphne calyculata angustifolia, Acer rubrum, Sphagnum, Vaccinium macrocapon (large cranbeny), and Sarracenia purpurea (Gates 1942;Gatenhusen 1950;Transeau 1905).…”

Section: Secondary Succession: Invading and Recovering Speciesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Following shallow flooding or creation of flowages, Catenhusen (1950) found Typha latifolia, Leerzia oryzoides, Lemna minor, Utricularia vulgaris, Echinochloa, and several species of Polygonum (smartweed), Alisma, and Sagittaria growing in the flooded area of the bog. Lycopus unijorus was found by Schwintzer and Williams (1974) to invade a bog following flood-induced tree mortality. Ehrenfeld (1983) observed Leerzia oryzoides, Lycopus virginicus, Osmunda regalis, Polygonum arifolium (halberd-leaved tearthumb), and Cuscuta spp.…”

Section: Secondary Succession: Invading and Recovering Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of deicing salts on vegetation in Pinhook Bog, Indiana

Wilcox¹

1986

Can. J. Bot.

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W~LCOX, D. A. 1986. The effects of deicing salts on vegetation in Pinhook Bog, Indiana. Can. J. Bot. 64: [865][866][867][868][869][870][871][872][873][874].A 4-year study identified the effects of road salt contamination on the vegetation of Pinhook Bog after operation of an uncovered salt storage pile adjacent to the bog for 10 years. Nearly all of the endemic plant species (excluding moat species) were absent from the portion of the bog where mean salt concentrations as high as 468 mglL sodium and 1215 mg1L chloride were measured in the interstitial waters of the peat mat. Skeletons of dead tamaracks remained. The impacted area was invaded by nonbog species and dominated by Typha angustifolia. As salt concentrations decreased by over 50% in 4 years, many of the endemic bog plants, including Sphagnum, returned to the impacted area. Declines were noted in the abundance of some of the invading species, while others continued expansion. Many of the invading and reestablished bog plants are known to be both salt tolerant and pioneers in secondary succession of disturbed bogs. WILCOX, D. A. 1986. The effects of deicing salts on vegetation in Pinhook Bog, Indiana. Can. J. Bot. 64: 865-874. Au cours d'une pCriode de 4 ans, l'auteur a CtudiC les effets du sel de degla~age des routes sur la vCgitation d'une tourbikre (Pinhook Bog). Un tas de sel non recouvert Ctait adjacent i cette tourbibre depuis 10 ans. Presque toutes les espbces endCmiques etaient absentes de la partie de la tourbibre o t~ des concentrations en sel aussi ClevCes que 468 mg1L de sodium et 125 mg1L de chlomre Ctaient mesurees dans les eaux interstitielles du tapis de mousse. Des squelettes de tamarac morts persistaient. La zone affectee Ctait envahie par d'autres espkces que celles des tourbibres et dominees par Typha angustifolia. La concentration en sel ayant diminuC de plus de 50% en 4 ans, plusieurs espkces endemiques de la tourbibre, incluant Sphagnum, ont fait un retour dans l'aire affectCe. Un dCclin dans l'abondance de certaines espbces envahissantes fut observC, alors que d'autres espbces continuaient leur expansion. Plusieurs des espkces envahissantes et s'Ctant rktablies dans la tourbikre sont reconnues comme Ctant i la fois tolkrantes au sel et pionnibres dans une succession secondaire des tourbibres perturbkes. [Traduit par la Revue]

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Section: Secondary Succession: Invading and Recovering Speciesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Secondary Succession: Invading and Recovering Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of deicing salts on vegetation in Pinhook Bog, Indiana

Wilcox¹

1986

Can. J. Bot.

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“…Their nutrient supply, hydrogen ion balance, productivity, and floristics depend on a continuous supply of mineral-rich water (Heinselman 1970, Moore andBellamy 1973). Episodes of apparent reversal of succession have been found in bog and fen peatlands in the United States and Europe (Godwin and others 1974, Schwintzer and Williams 1974, Walker and Walker 1961. Prehistoric and modem societies have caused change in the development of peatlands, both intentionally (for fuel, grazing, timber, and agriculture), and inadvertently (Bel'skaya 1961, Beckett 1971, Slater andAgnew 1977).…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and change in minerotrophic peatlands, Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada

Bartolome¹,

Erman²,

Schwarz³

1990

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Minerotrophic peatlands or fens in California's Sierra Nevada are small wet meadows surrounded by mixed conifer forest. The dynamics of vegetation change at the meadow edge and the ages and development of fens were investigated, in the Sagehen Creek Basin near Truckee, California, through the use of radiocarbon dating of peat, pollen studies, examination of processes of peat development and accumulation, stand age analysis of trees around peatlands, and evaluation of tree-ring variation. These approaches were used to evaluate both short-and long-term changes. Fens varied in age from more than 8000 years toless than 1000years old. Results suggest that overall fen development proceeds rapidly, with peat buildup dependent upon adequate moisture supply. During fen development trees repeatedly invade and retreat from the fen edges. The timing of invasions appears unrelated to events such as human disturbance and climatic change. Instead, changes are most likely to result from alterations in groundwater supply in interaction with tree establishment, longevity, and water uptake. Little evidence was found that accepted successional models which emphasize predictable and gradual vegetational development apply to fens in the Sagehen Basin.Retrieval Terms: wet meadow, fen, plant succession, pine invasion, Pinus conform, lodgepole pine, edge stability, fen persistence, radiocarbon age

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“…Besides causing a "critical weed problem" on navigable waterways, lakes, and reservoirs (Sculthorpe 1971), floating mats are often intimately associated with the early stages of peatland development (Gates 1942, Dansereau and Segadas-Vianna 1952, Schwintzer and Williams 1974, Larsen 1982. In the Danube River delta in Romania, floating fens or "plavs" have developed from marshes dominated by Phragmites (Sculthorpe 1971, Rodewald-Rudescu 1974.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of Typha Components to Floating Mat Buoyancy

Hogg¹,

Wein²

1988

Ecology

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The seasonal contribution of living Typha components to the buoyancy of floating mats was investigated in a diked, freshwater impoundment near the head of the Bay of Fundy in New Brunswick, Canada. The objectives were (1) to examine the potential influence of a dominant, mat—building species on hydrologic conditions at the mat surface, and (2) to predict whether a complete killing of the dominant species could cause mats to sink. The Typha component contributing most to mat buoyancy was the rhizomes, which added a net buoyancy pressure of °20 Pa throughout the growing season. The seasonal maximum buoyancy contribution of 28 Pa for all living Typha components combined was reached in spring, followed by a decline to 11 Pa in late summer as the aboveground shoots developed. This positive and seasonally variable contribution of Typha to mat buoyancy is expected to be most important during the early stages of mat development, when mats are thin and composed largely of living, belowground organs. However, on older and thicker mats the living Typha is less important because of the large volumes of gas bubbles from anaerobic decomposition that are trapped in the dead organic material. For the 50 cm thick floating mats under study, it is concluded that trapped gas is the main cause of buoyancy and would lead to the continued flotation of mats even if the living Typha were removed. Implications of the results are discussed in relation to the resiliency of floating mat systems.

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Vegetation Changes in a Small Michigan Bog from 1917 to 1972

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

The effects of deicing salts on vegetation in Pinhook Bog, Indiana

The effects of deicing salts on vegetation in Pinhook Bog, Indiana

Stability and change in minerotrophic peatlands, Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada

The Contribution of Typha Components to Floating Mat Buoyancy

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