Vegetation Dynamics

Pickett, Steward T. A.; Cadenasso, Mary L.; Meiners, Scott J.

doi:10.1002/9781118452592.ch4

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…This approach makes it difficult to determine interactions among drivers within a particular example of succession, to evaluate the relative importance of these drivers or to compare the influence of drivers across multiple successional pathways. To address this challenge, a hierarchical conceptual framework has been developed over the last several decades that functions to organize the disparate drivers of succession (Pickett, Collins & Armesto ; Pickett & McDonnell ; Pickett & Cadenasso ; Pickett, Meiners & Cadenasso ). The framework divides successional drivers into three classes using three broad sources of variation or differentials: (i) site conditions and history, (ii) species availability and (iii) species performance (Table ).…”

Section: A Scale‐specific Successional Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is successional research nearing its climax? New approaches for understanding dynamic communities

et al. 2015

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Summary1. Succession has been a focus of extensive ecological study for well over a century. Despite this sustained interest, succession remains a central theme in ecological research and is positioned to continue that prominence in this era of expanding human impacts. Community ecology is currently experiencing a profound conceptual expansion, providing many new insights into succession. 2. Here we present an existing conceptual framework of successional drivers that includes variation in site conditions, species availability and species performance, and expand it to include both evolutionary and geographic sources of variation. This framework is useful because it specifies relationships among individual drivers and is causally complete. While we generally think about succession as a within-site process, the inclusion of phylogenetic and geographic processes allows integration across broader scales. 3. We use the conceptual framework to highlight several opportunities for successional research that have developed within community ecology, but have not been fully integrated into succession work. These ideas represent not only individual drivers of succession, but also potential synergistic processes operating through interaction with other drivers. The complexity of drivers in succession strongly argues for the need to move away from single factor studies towards combinatorial studies that incorporate multiple drivers. 4. Utilizing a trait-based approach should allow researchers to address successional drivers at multiple ecological scales and lead to new insights that integrate ecological systems. Our ability to do this will depend on the availability of equivalent data across multiple systems, suggesting the need for more standardization in successional studies. 5. Addressing the research opportunities highlighted here will not only produce insights into successional systems, but also expand our understanding of fundamental questions in community ecology as a whole. Of particular importance is the ability to address broader scale questions that go beyond the idiosyncrasies of individual sites and systems. Understanding the dynamics of successional systems will remain critical to understanding, managing and predicting anthropogenic impacts on natural systems.

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Section: A Scale‐specific Successional Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is successional research nearing its climax? New approaches for understanding dynamic communities

et al. 2015

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“…The co-occurrence of Sphenophyta and fern spores in cluster B is suggestive of such a community. Ascribing a specific control for axis two (14% variation) with confidence is problematic as this could be one of a myriad of possible factors related to the principal driving mechanisms of vegetation dynamics; differential site availability, species availability and species performance (Picket and Cadenasso 2005;Stukins et al 2013).…”

Section: Palynology and Megafloral Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative comparison of dispersed spore/pollen and plant megafossil assemblages from a Middle Jurassic plant bed from Yorkshire, UK

Slater

Wellman

2015

Paleobiology

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Abstract.-Detailed quantitative data has previously been collected from plant megafossil assemblages from a Middle Jurassic (Aalenian) plant bed from Hasty Bank, North Yorkshire, UK. We conducted a similar analysis of palynological dispersed sporomorph (spore and pollen) assemblages collected from the same section using the same sampling regime: 67 sporomorph taxa were recorded from 50 samples taken at 10 cm intervals through the plant bed. Basic palynofacies analysis was also undertaken on each sample. Both dispersed sporomorph and plant megafossil assemblages display consistent changes in composition, diversity (richness), and abundance through time. However, the dispersed sporomorph and plant megafossil records provide conflicting evidence for the nature of parent vegetation. Specifically, conifers and ferns are underrepresented in plant megafossil assemblages, bryophytes and lycopsids are represented only in sporomorph assemblages, and sphenophytes, pteridosperms, Caytoniales, Cycadales, Ginkgoales and Bennettitales are comparatively underrepresented in sporomorph assemblages. Combined multivariate analysis (correspondence analysis and nonmetric multidimensional scaling) of sporomorph occurrence/abundance data demonstrates that temporal variation in sporomorph assemblages is the result of depositional change through the plant bed. The reproductive strategies of parent plants are considered to be a principal factor in shaping many of the major abundance and diversity irregularities between dispersed sporomorph and plant megafossil data sets that seemingly reflects different parent vegetation. Preferential occurrence/preservation of sporomorphs and equivalent parent plants is a consequence of a complex array of biological, ecological, geographical, taphonomic, and depositional factors that act inconsistently between and within fossil assemblages, which results in notable discrepancies between data sets.

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“…2007; Taki et al . in press), these studies only used a chronosequence approach; that is, they examined biological assemblages in stands of different ages at the same time and attributed apparent differences among stands to forest age (Pickett & Cadenasso 2005). Although such a chronosequence approach is advantageous (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisitation of sites surveyed 19 years ago reveals impoverishment of longhorned beetles in natural and planted forests

Yamaura

Taki

Machida

et al. 2011

Entomological Science

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As planted forests expand in area, they are beginning to dominate landscapes as a matrix and cause the fragmentation of remaining natural forests. To understand and predict the responses of biological assemblages to maturing planted landscapes, examining the effects of forest type (natural vs planted) and forest age on such assemblages is particularly important. Therefore, to document the effects of forest type and age on longhorned beetle assemblages, in 2008 we collected beetles in broad-leaved natural and cedar planted forests where beetles had also been collected in 1989. Beetle species composition differed greatly between the two forest types in 1989, whereas this difference was less pronounced in 2008. Species richness and total abundance were higher in natural forests than in planted forests in 1989. In 2008, species richness had decreased in both forest types, but the difference between the two forest types had been maintained. Total abundance was also markedly lower in 2008, and the difference between forest types was much smaller. Although larval host plants were not associated with the responses of species to year (forest age or maturation), beetle species whose larvae fed on either broad-leaved or coniferous trees (or both) exhibited slight preferences for natural forests. These results suggest that longhorned beetle assemblages become impoverished in planted landscapes as the planted matrix matures. Changes in species composition with forest maturation may be difficult to predict based on larval host plants. However, consideration of larval host plants may enable the prediction of changes in species composition caused by the replacement of natural forests by planted forests.

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Vegetation Dynamics

Cited by 37 publications

References 94 publications

Is successional research nearing its climax? New approaches for understanding dynamic communities

Is successional research nearing its climax? New approaches for understanding dynamic communities

A quantitative comparison of dispersed spore/pollen and plant megafossil assemblages from a Middle Jurassic plant bed from Yorkshire, UK

Revisitation of sites surveyed 19 years ago reveals impoverishment of longhorned beetles in natural and planted forests

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