Vegetation influences on the human thermal comfort in outdoor spaces: criteria for urban planning

Gómez, Fernando Calle; Montero, Luis; Vicente, Vitor; Sequí, A.; Cabanes, Nuria Castilla

doi:10.2495/sc080151

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Winds affect the horizontal component of a green roof's influence, with cooler air being found at the leeward edge (Dimoudi and Nikolopoulou, 2003). Green roofs in large enough numbers could potentially improve the thermal comfort of pedestrians at street level (Gomez et al, 2008) by cumulative cooling impacts on the urban air mass.…”

Section: Local Climate Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of the urban cooling effects of an intensive green roof due to vegetation damage

et al. 2013

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Green roofs are increasingly being utilised as urban climate adaptation measures given good evidence of their passive cooling effects. Shading of conventional building surfaces, higher albedo and latent cooling from evapotranspiration mean that vegetated surfaces can be used to significantly lower surface and air temperatures in cities. The extent to which cooling properties may be affected by poor maintenance, green roof damage and the general health of the vegetation is not as well known. This study investigates the ability of an intensive green roof in Manchester, UK, to cool the air above it relative to an adjacent conventional, concrete roof. The monthly median air temperature was found to be 1.06°C lower at 300 mm over the green roof. Diurnal trends were apparent, with strongest cooling of 1.58°C, occurring at night when Urban Heat Islands are most common. A section of green roof was damaged by mismanagement in a drought period, which allowed an investigation into the impairment to the cooling effect when large areas of bare substrate are present. Daytime temperatures were higher over this section of the roof than over an adjacent healthy green roof, being a maximum 0.63°C warmer than the bare roof on average, in the late morning. Cooling still occurred at night, albeit with a lower maximum average relative cooling of 0.78°C. Implications of the spatial influence of green roof cooling are discussed along with the need to undertake careful maintenance and irrigation of the roofs for the benefits to be maintained.

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Section: Local Climate Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of the urban cooling effects of an intensive green roof due to vegetation damage

et al. 2013

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“…Fig. 3 -The radii of the accessibility of pre-school educational institution I, secondary school II and the intra-district park III in the micro-district "Botanica", corresponding to comfortable distances: 1 -for healthy people aged 21-25 years, 2,8 -7-8 years, 3,7 -3-4 years, 4over 70 years, 5for people with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, 6 -for all population groups, in accordance with [16] As it can be seen from Fig. 3, the radii of the pedestrian accessibility of socially significant objects do not fully cover the territory of the considered micro-district.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In the present work it is proposed to extend the developed methodology to assess the availability of urban open spaces designed for walking with children, communication, sports, recreation for residents with special movement abilities. Unlike most of European countries, Canada [15][16][17] and the United States of America, in Russia the availability of public parks and parks planning areas is estimated by the time of their accessibility by public transport [18]. However, increasing the radius of accessibility to a few kilometers will lead to the need to organize a large number of parking spaces and increase of environmental load on the territory adjacent to the park.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for assessing the comfort of an urban environment in terms of availability analyzing

Pilipenko¹,

Skobeleva²,

Bulgakov³

2018

Creative Construction Conference 2018 - Proceedings

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Creating a safe and comfortable environment, developing a human, is a priority of urban development. One of the important stages of the solution to such a problem is the actualization of the regulatory base in the field of city-building, which should lay the principles of a city, developing a human and promoting better health. The work shows the feasibility for quantitative analysis of safety and comfortable spatial environment when creating general plans of cities and their territorial entities. So, using the method of calculating the integral index of spatial-temporal accessibility of objects that implement the functions of the city, we suggest performing a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of planning decisions in terms of placing of socially significant objects. A key prerequisite for the calculation of this index was the inclusion of the time parameter provided to a person to realize his/her rational needs. This approach is based on the principles of creating biosphere compatible cities that develop a person, and allows not only more fully appreciate the quality of urban planning decisions, but also to consider the interests of groups with different mobility. As an example, we determined the level of implementation of the city functions "Knowledge" (components-preschool and general education) and "Entertainment and leisure" (componentrecreation open urban green spaces) for different groups in a new microdistrict in Orel. The calculation of the indicator was carried out for children aged 3-4 years, 7-8 years, healthy young people, people in old age and residents with disorders of the musculoskeletal system. For the latter, the obtained values differ from the maximum possible. The analysis noted the insufficient capacity of educational institutions, reflecting a defective personal availability.

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“…14. System of play parks proposed for the city of Valencia by the technical office of the green plan(Gómez et al 2008, reprinted courtesy of WIT Press)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formulation of the DI and WBGT Comfort Indexes for the City of Valencia according to the Type of Ground: Soft (B) or Hard (D) and Time of Day (H)(Gómez et al 2008) Behavior of the DI comfort index for the different seasons of the year (the highest comfort value is 20.28) (the values of the X axis correspond to the amount of green zone for Districts 19,…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Areas, the Most Significant Indicator of the Sustainability of Cities: Research on Their Utility for Urban Planning

Gómez

Vivas

Montero

et al. 2011

J. Urban Plann. Dev.

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This work summarizes a very extensive study conducted in the city of Valencia, Spain, on the role of green areas in the comfort of the city. Previously, the environmental parameters that make up the urban environment were studied. With these values, a very large series of comfort indexes was analyzed and validated, and the indexes that exhibited the best behavior were determined. The role of green areas in public city spaces was also studied: the retention of solar radiation and pollution retention capability. This culminated in the formulation of the comfort indexes according to the amount of green areas, which, through statistical correlation, allowed the determination of the surface area of green areas required for the city to be considered theoretically comfortable. This work completes the analysis of these formulations for a wider spectrum of measurements in the city with a greater scope and greater variety of spaces and situations. The three comfort indexes that performed best, i.e., those with greatest statistical certainty, have been reformulated for Valencia. The work concludes with research from the previous experimentation applied to the green plan of Valencia. The final solution takes into account the proposals put forward by the Valencian Authority on the plan for protection of the Huerta, the natural market garden setting on which the city of Valencia stands, following the philosophy of the European Territorial Strategy and the European Landscape Convention.

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Vegetation influences on the human thermal comfort in outdoor spaces: criteria for urban planning

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Reduction of the urban cooling effects of an intensive green roof due to vegetation damage

Reduction of the urban cooling effects of an intensive green roof due to vegetation damage

Methodology for assessing the comfort of an urban environment in terms of availability analyzing

Green Areas, the Most Significant Indicator of the Sustainability of Cities: Research on Their Utility for Urban Planning

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