Vegetation management for the maintenance and conservation of butterfly habitats in temperate human-dominated landscapes

Smallidge, Peter J.; Leopold, Donald J.

doi:10.1016/s0169-2046(97)00038-8

Cited by 59 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…For example, Washington DC's urban forest is comprised of nearly 2 million trees that sequester carbon, reduce the urban heat island effect, and lower environmental pollution, which are ecosystem services valued at over $3.6 billion dollars annually (Nowak et al, 2006). If properly planned, botanical information and expertise effectively integrated with urban planning can provide key habitat for threatened species (Smallidge and Leopold, 1997), corridors that allow both plants and animals to migrate with and adapt to changing climates, and green space that provides outdoor recreational opportunities which ultimately both conserve biodiversity and enhance human wellbeing (Miller, 2008). Botanical planning on even small scales can make significant contributions toward sustaining plant and animal biodiversity (Tallamy, 2007).…”

Section: Urban Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivating the Power of Plants to Sustain and Enrich Life

Shaw¹,

Ballard²,

Blackmore³

et al. 2017

Plant Conservation Science and Practice

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PrefacePlants are central to the future of scientific discovery, human well-being, and the sustainable use and preservation of the nation's resources. The botanical community in the United States plays a mission-critical role in researching, conserving, and sustainably managing our plant diversity and resources. Botanical expertise is required to address current and future grand challenges and issues, including climate change mitigation, land management and wildlife habitat restoration, understanding the provision of ecosystem services, management and control of invasive species, and the conservation and recovery of rare species. Despite the fundamental role botanical capacity plays in tackling each of these issues, this report outlines where botanical capacity, particularly human capacity, is lacking across all sectors (government, academic, and private). In the United States over the past two decades, the botanical community has experienced significant changes in the demands placed upon it and the resources available to it. Since the early 1990s a series of published and anecdotal reports have outlined declining botanical capacity in many facets of this sector. This includes declines in human resources like botanical training and expertise, financial and management-level support for research, education and application, and the loss of infrastructure such as herbaria. The nation's science and land management agenda is suffering as a result.Government agencies are losing botanical capacity as staff botanists retire and positions are not refilled, either because positions are eliminated, replaced by individuals without equivalent botanical training, or because there is an inability to find appropriately qualified new candidates to fill them. Botanical education and training likewise appears to be on the decline, with many botany departments at universities being subsumed into more general or interdisciplinary departments, and subsequently losing resident expertise as professors retire and are replaced by individuals without botanical expertise. Organizations in the private sector (e.g. botanic gardens and other non-profit conservation organizations, as well as for-profit businesses and self-employed individuals) are filling these widening gaps in capacity, providing botanical training, expertise, application, and infrastructure where it otherwise would not exist. Though there are ongoing concerns about funding and program sustainability, organizations in the private sector are poised to do more with additional resources and the right partnerships.Prior to this project, it was unclear exactly where the most critical gaps existed and which sector was most capable of filling them in both the short and long-term. Funding from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation was awarded to the Chicago Botanic Garden to carry out a one-year project to assess the nation's current and future botanical capacity to conduct research in the plant sciences, to educate the public, train the next generation of plant scientists, and to...

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Section: Urban Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivating the Power of Plants to Sustain and Enrich Life

Shaw¹,

Ballard²,

Blackmore³

et al. 2017

Plant Conservation Science and Practice

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“…6 Likewise, grazing during spring when butterfl y larvae are active on host plants can result in larval mortality or remove important vegetation (host plants or shelter) and nectar resources. 7 In Arizona, Debano conducted one of the few studies that focused explicitly on the impacts of domestic livestock grazing on invertebrate communities in a region that historically had not been grazed. 8 The results clearly show that invertebrate species richness, abundance, and diversity were all greater in ungrazed sites.…”

Section: Grazingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even in areas where grazing is not historically found, light levels of rotational grazing can have positive effects on maintaining an open, herbaceous-dominated plant community that is capable of supporting a wide diversity of pollinators. 7 Grazing does need to be carefully planned and implemented to be effective. A Swiss study found that although grazing was an effective management tool for limiting succession, (i.e., slowing the conversion of open grassland to shrubland or woodland) responses to grazing varied greatly among butterfl y species.…”

Section: Grazingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,14,15 Just as pollinators can infl uence the vegetation community, changes in vegetation can have an impact on pollinators. A pollinator community requires consistent sources of nectar, pollen, and nesting material during those times adults are active.…”

Section: Herbicide Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The broadcast application of a nonselective herbicide can indiscriminately reduce fl oral resources, host plants, or nesting habitat. 7 Such a reduction in resources can cause a decline in pollinator reproductive success and/or survival rates.…”

Section: Herbicide Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rangeland Management for Pollinators

Black¹,

Shepherd²,

Vaughan³

2011

Rangelands

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A meta‐analysis of the effects of habitat aridity, evolutionary history of grazing and grazing intensity on bee and butterfly communities worldwide

Thapa‐Magar

Davis

Fernández‐Giménez

2022

Ecol Sol and Evidence

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A variety of habitat‐associated factors moderate effects of grazing on insect biodiversity. Here, we examine how aridity, evolutionary history of grazing and grazing intensity individually and interactively mediate the effect of livestock grazing on pollinator biodiversity (native bees and butterflies). Using a meta‐analysis of 59 studies published in the primary literature, we characterized the response of pollinator communities to grazing across several continents. In very humid habitats, high grazing intensities generally had negative impacts on pollinator abundance and richness, but these effects were not found in semi‐arid habitats, where livestock grazing intensity did not interact with aridity to impact pollinator abundance or richness. However, within semi‐arid habitats livestock grazing was associated with reduced pollinator richness in areas with short evolutionary histories grazing. Pollinator life history mediated effects of livestock grazing on pollinator communities: livestock grazing had negative impacts on richness of social bees and butterflies but not solitary bees, though abundances of all three pollinator categories were consistently reduced under livestock grazing. Our synthesis suggests that effects of cattle on pollinators may be driven by impacts on nesting habitats (e.g. soil compaction), rather than consumption or alteration of forb cover. Our collective findings have importance for coordinating grazing management and pollinator conservation efforts and help to distinguish how grazing practices could impact pollinator biodiversity across ecoclimatic regions.

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Vegetation management for the maintenance and conservation of butterfly habitats in temperate human-dominated landscapes

Cited by 59 publications

References 58 publications

Cultivating the Power of Plants to Sustain and Enrich Life

Cultivating the Power of Plants to Sustain and Enrich Life

Rangeland Management for Pollinators

A meta‐analysis of the effects of habitat aridity, evolutionary history of grazing and grazing intensity on bee and butterfly communities worldwide

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