Vegetation of Restored Rock‐Plowed Wetlands of the East Everglades

Dalrymple, Nancy K.; Dalrymple, George H.; Fanning, Kathy A.

doi:10.1111/j.1526-100x.1993.tb00030.x

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although ecosystem complexity increased as succession progressed during the initial years following dis- turbance, we suggest that the complexity of both AM and the vegetation on these plots will stabilize and perhaps decrease as species richness of AM and plants peak and the site conditions become more stable. Dalrymple et al (1993) similarly found higher species diversity on full-SR sites than on partial-SR or mature, undisturbed sites, suggesting that succession on these kinds of sites does not follow the classical successional pattern proposed by Odum (1971). We propose that arbuscular mycorrhizae may have an important role not only in establishing and sustaining a glade community but also in determining the direction that the vegetation succession of that community may take after disturbance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and Species Composition of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Following Soil Removal

Aziz

Sylvia

Doren³

1995

Ecological Applications

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Large areas of the Everglades National Park have been invaded by exotic plant species, particularly Schinus terebinthifolius. In an attempt to return these areas to the former wetland vegetation, an experimental site was subjected to soil removal (SR). The objective of this study was to document the effect of SR on the activity–estimated by total propagule and spore numbers, and root colonization–and species composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Soil and plant samples were collected in the spring (following the dry season) and fall (following the wet season) for 2 yr from full‐ and partial‐SR plots, and adjacent site dominated by schinus, and the mature undisturbed glade. The mature glade had the lowest mycorrhizal activity, while the SR plots had the highest activity. Mycorrhizal activity in SR plots increased over the 2‐yr period. These plots also had greater plant species richness than the mature glade. No relationship was found between root colonization and plant hydrological category. A total of 22 fungal species, belonging to four genera, were present as the most abundant AM species in individual plots. Temporal changes observed in these species were likely related to changes in host plants and the edaphic environment. We suggest that the complexity of both AM and vegetation succession on these plots will decrease with time after species richness of AM and plants peak and the site conditions stabilize.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and Species Composition of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Following Soil Removal

Aziz

Sylvia

Doren³

1995

Ecological Applications

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“…This site has a mostly continuous layer of soil composed of a mix of organic matter and crushed limestone rock that ranges from less than 1 cm to over 30 cm in depth (Ewe, personal observation). Change in substrate characteristic is believed to have prevented native plants from recolonizing this area (Krauss 1987;Dalrymple et al 1993). Instead of native plant succession after the cessation of farming, the area became a closed, low canopy (4-5 m), dense forest of Schinus with an understory of Ardisia elliptica (Ewel et al 1982) and individuals of some weedy native species such as Baccharis halimifolia, Myrica cerifera and Metopium toxiferum.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal water-use by the invasive exotic, Schinus terebinthifolius, in native and disturbed communities

Ewe

Sternberg

2002

Oecologia

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Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) is an aggressive invader found in both disturbed and native habitats of Florida. The purpose of this study was to compare Schinus water uptake patterns to those of four native species in a disturbed previously farmed area versus a native pineland community. Although neither of the study sites was flooded, soils in both sites were saturated with water at the end of the wet season. Isotopic analysis of stem water showed that almost all the native species in both sites showed a seasonal change in plant water uptake; plants utilized mainly groundwater during the dry season but shifted to a high proportion of soil water during the wet season. In the pineland community, Schinus showed no seasonal shift in water uptake source. In the disturbed community, however, Schinus was not isotopically distinct from the native species with regard to water source. Despite greater soil water availability in the wet season, predawn water potentials were significantly lower in the wet than in the dry season for native species at both sites. The counterintuitive decrease in water potentials during the wet season in both study sites could be the response of native plants to root flooding. Predawn water potentials of Schinus in both study areas however, remained constant across seasons. Predawn and noontime water potential differences were smaller in Schinus than in the native species at both sites during the wet season, but this pattern was found only in the disturbed area during the dry season. Schinus was most likely less affected by seasonality and more tolerant of root flooding than the native species studied.

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“…; Richardson and Marshall 1990, Rutchey et al 1994, Jensen et al 1995, Newman et al 1998 ) , which invade disturbed and nutrient rich environments (Dykyjová and Kv et 1978, Grace and Harrison 1986, Keddy 1990). Marl prairie landscapes comprising the outer regions of Everglades National Park (ENP) have also shown vulnerability to woody plant expansion (Jenkins et al 2003, Knickerbocker et al 2009 Soil disturbance has also caused encroachment by exotics (Dalrymple et al 1993) in the Everglades. Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum Flü ggé) and torpedo grass (Panicum repens L.), exotic species introduced for cattle forage, spread quickly and aggressively.…”

Section: Ecosystem Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem resistance in the face of climate change: a case study from the freshwater marshes of the Florida Everglades

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Shaped by the hydrology of the Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Everglades watershed, the Florida Everglades is composed of a conglomerate of wetland ecosystems that have varying capacities to sequester and store carbon. Hydrology, which is a product of the region's precipitation and temperature patterns combined with water management policy, drives community composition and productivity. As shifts in both precipitation and air temperature are expected over the next 100 years as a consequence of climate change, CO 2 dynamics in the greater Everglades are expected to change. To reduce uncertainties associated with climate change and to explore how projected changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentration and climate can alter current CO 2 exchange rates in Everglades freshwater marsh ecosystems, we simulated fluxes of carbon among the atmosphere, vegetation, and soil using the DAYCENT model. We explored the effects of low, moderate, and high scenarios for atmospheric CO 2 (550, 850, and 950 ppm), mean annual air temperature (þ1, þ2.5, and þ4.28C) and precipitation (À2, þ7, and þ14%), as predicted by the IPCC for the year 2100 for the region, on CO 2 exchange rates in short-and long-hydroperiod wetland ecosystems. Under 100 years of current climate and atmospheric CO 2 concentration, Everglades freshwater marsh ecosystems were estimated to be CO 2 -neutral. As atmospheric CO 2 concentration increased and under climate change projections, there were slight shifts in the start and length of the wet season (À1 to þ7 days) and a small enhancement in the sink capacity (by À169 to À573 g C m À2 century À1 ) occurred at both short-and longhydroperiod ecosystems compared to CO 2 dynamics under the current climate regime. Over 100 years, rising temperatures increased net CO 2 exchange rates (þ1 to 13 g C m À2 century À1) and shifts in precipitation patterns altered cumulative net carbon uptake by þ13 to À46 g C m À2 century À1. While changes in ecosystem structure, species composition, and disturbance regimes were beyond the scope of this research, results do indicate that climate change will produce small changes in CO 2 dynamics in Everglades freshwater marsh ecosystems and suggest that the hydrologic regime and oligotrophic conditions of Everglades freshwater marshes lowers the ecosystem sensitivity to climate change.

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Vegetation of Restored Rock‐Plowed Wetlands of the East Everglades

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Activity and Species Composition of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Following Soil Removal

Activity and Species Composition of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Following Soil Removal

Seasonal water-use by the invasive exotic, Schinus terebinthifolius, in native and disturbed communities

Ecosystem resistance in the face of climate change: a case study from the freshwater marshes of the Florida Everglades

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