Vegetative buds, needles and shoot growth of Norway spruce are affected by experimentally delayed soil thawing in the field

Sutinen, Sirkka; Roitto, Marja; Repo, Tapani

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2014.10.029

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This result contradicts the hypothesis of this study (Fig. 1), and differs from previous results in Finland boreal forests (Sutinen et al, 2015). Our study site is characterized by extremely low air temperature and dry conditions in winter, as well as a short snowmelt season.…”

Section: Comparison With Another Regionscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…According to satellite and ground observation data, Barichivich et al (2013) showed that photosynthesis activities in northern ecosystems are enhanced by the longer growing season, especially by earlier snowmelt and an earlier spring. Moreover, Sutinen et al (2015) conducted a snow manipulation experiment and showed that soil frost in spring caused a delay in needle and shoot growth in Norway spruce. These results, which have generally been discussed as earlier snowmelt resulting in a longer growing season, seem different from ours.…”

Section: Length Of Growing Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has previously been reported that low spring soil temperatures affect the ecosystem. In a boreal forest in Finland, the bud burst of Norway spruce was delayed for two weeks in a spring frost experiment, in which insulation by 15 cm of hay was applied, resulting in prolonged soil frost (Sutinen et al, 2015). This indicates that spring soil frost affects the length of the growing season.…”

Section: Comparison With Another Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Snow Manipulation on Larch Trees in the Taiga Forest Ecosystem in Northeastern Siberia

Shakhmatov

Hashiguchi

Maximov³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Changes in winter precipitation (snow) may greatly affect vegetation by altering hydrological and biochemical processes. To understand the effects of changing snow cover depth and melt timing on the taiga forest ecosystem, a snow manipulation experiment was conducted in December 2015 at the Spasskaya Pad experimental larch forest in Eastern Siberia, which is characterized by a continental dry climate with extreme cold winters and hot summers. Variables including soil temperature and moisture, oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios of soil moisture and stem water, foliar nitrogen and carbon contents and their isotopes, phenology, and soil inorganic nitrogen were observed at snow removal (SNOW−), snow addition (SNOW+), and CONTROL plots. After snow manipulation, the soil temperature at the SNOW− plot decreased significantly compared to the CONTROL and SNOW+ plots. At SNOW−, snowmelt was earlier and soil temperature was higher than at other plots during spring because of low soil moisture caused by less snowmelt water. Despite the earlier snowmelt and higher soil temperature in the SNOW− plot in the early growing season, needle opening and shoot elongation were delayed. Leaf chemistry also differed between the CONTROL and SNOW+ plots. The needle nitrogen content in the SNOW− plot was lower in the middle of July, whereas no difference was observed among the three plots in August. The soil inorganic nitrogen content of each plot corresponded to these results. The amount of soil ammonium was lower in the SNOW− plot than in the other plots at the end of July, however, once production started at the end of August, the amount of soil ammonium in the three plots was comparable. Extremely low soil temperatures in winter and freeze-thaw cycles in spring at the SNOW− plot may have affected these results.

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Section: Comparison With Another Regionscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Length Of Growing Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Another Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Snow Manipulation on Larch Trees in the Taiga Forest Ecosystem in Northeastern Siberia

Shakhmatov

Hashiguchi

Maximov³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…George 2014;Watson and Luckman 2016). In our previous studies, soil freezing and its delayed thawing led to changes in the physiology, morphology, and growth of the shoots and roots of ~ 50-year-old Norway spruce (Repo et al 2011(Repo et al , 2014Jyske et al 2012;Sutinen et al 2015). Soil frost even led to the death of some trees.…”

Section: Communicated By Vospernikmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Long-lasting soil frost has been found to reduce the shoot growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) saplings and mature Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees (Repo et al 2007(Repo et al , 2008Sutinen et al 2015), as well as to induce death of annual shoots or the whole seedling, depending on snow cover and species (Martz et al 2016;Domisch et al 2018Domisch et al , 2019. Similarly, in European mountainous areas, exceptionally low winter temperatures combined with thin snowpack have resulted in large-scale yellowing and loss of needles in Scots pine and Norway spruce, accompanied by canopy dieback and tree mortality (Kullman 1989(Kullman , 1991Camarero et al 2015).…”

Section: Communicated By Vospernikmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil frost affects stem diameter growth of Norway spruce with delay

Repo

Domisch

Kilpeläinen

et al. 2021

Trees

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Key message A lack of snow cover and increased soil freezing may not only have short-term impacts on trees but longer-lasting lagged effects on radial growth. Abstract Soil temperature and soil frost intensity are affected by the depth of insulating snow cover and the timing of snowmelt which are predicted to change by climate warming. This may increase tree growth if there is less soil freezing or decrease growth if there is no insulating snow cover, but frost temperatures still exist. Previously, we showed that the changes in soil frost by snow manipulations in a ~ 50-year-old stand of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] in eastern Finland in two winters (2005/2006 and 2006/2007) led to short-term changes in physiology, morphology, and the growth of the shoots and roots. The treatments were: (1) control with natural insulating snow accumulation and melting; (2) snow removal during winter; and (3) snow removal in winter and insulation at the top of the forest floor in late winter to delay soil thawing. In this study, we examined the lagged effects of those treatments by radial trunk increment cores during the nine-year recovery period after the termination of the treatments. Annual ring width index (AWI) was calculated for each year by normalization of the ring width in the respective year in proportion to the ring width in the last year (2005) before the treatments. No differences in AWI were found between the treatments before or during the snow manipulation period. However, differences started to appear 1 year after the treatments were finished, became significant 4 years later in 2011 and lasted for 3 years. The radial increment was lower in the treatment with snow removed than in the control and in the treatment with insulation to delay soil thawing, but there were no differences between the latter two treatments. The results indicate that a lack of snow cover may not only have short-term impacts but longer-lasting consequences on the radial growth of trees. The positive effects of prolonged growing season by the increasing summer temperatures on forest growth predicted for the boreal region may therefore not be fully realised due to the negative effects of decreased snow cover and increasing soil freezing.

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