Vegetative growth and yield of robusta coffee genotypes cultivated under different shading levels

Venâncio, Luan Peroni; Amaral, José Francisco Teixeira do; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; Vargas, C; Reis, Elton Fialho dos; Dias, Juliana

doi:10.14393/bj-v35n5a2019-45039

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…edulis shade and this suggested that vegetative growth is more responsive to canopy openness than to competitiveness among aboveground species. Previous investigators found similar results [ 77 , 109 ], even with greater shade percentages, most likely because shade may induce higher light-use efficiency in coffee leaves resulting in increased net primary production [ 110 ]. Nevertheless, excessive shade (>70%) may impair plant fitness although this was not the case in our study [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

No Reduction in Yield of Young Robusta Coffee When Grown under Shade Trees in Ecuadorian Amazonia

Piato

Subía

Lefort

et al. 2022

Life

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Little is known on what impact shade trees have on the physiology of Coffea canephora (robusta coffee) under tropical humid conditions. To fill this gap, a field experiment was conducted in the Ecuadorian Amazon to investigate how growth, nutrition (leaf N), phenological state (BBCH-scale) and yield of 5-year-old robusta coffee shrubs are affected by the presence or absence of leguminous trees, the type (organic v conventional) and intensity of management. The experiment was a factorial 5 × 4 design with four cropping systems: intensive conventional (IC), moderate conventional (MC), intensive organic (IO) and low organic (LO), and with five shading systems in a split-plot arrangement: full sun (SUN), both Erythrina spp. and Myroxylon balsamum (TaE), M. balsamum (TIM), E. spp. (ERY) and Inga edulis (GUA). Three monthly assessments were made. Cherry yields of coffee shrubs under moderate shade (c. 25%) were similar to those under high light exposure. Coffee shrubs grown with either E. spp. or I. edulis were taller (+10%) and had higher leaf N concentrations (22%) than those grown without consistent shade. Unless receiving c. 25% of shade, coffee shrubs grown under organic cropping systems showed reduced growth (25%). No correlation was found between height, cherry yield and leaf N. Both shading and cropping systems affected leaf N concentration, also depending on phenological state and yield. Further research is needed to confirm our findings in the long-term as well as to elucidate how leguminous trees may induce physiological responses in robusta coffee under humid tropical conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

No Reduction in Yield of Young Robusta Coffee When Grown under Shade Trees in Ecuadorian Amazonia

Piato

Subía

Lefort

et al. 2022

Life

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“…According to 107 , agroforestry systems offer a promising strategy for coffee growing in the Atlantic Forest biome region, which comprises the state of Espírito Santo. However, in Brazil predominates a paradigm of that the shading in coffee conilon is synonymous of less yield 108 , what hinders the adopt an agroforestry system by farmers, which is not true. According to Venancio et al 108 , the success of shaded plantations depends the choice of the shade responsive genotypes and appropriate shading level for it.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of drought associated with high temperatures on Coffea canephora plantations: a case study in Espírito Santo State, Brazil

Venâncio

Filgueiras

Mantovani

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Droughts are major natural disasters that affect many parts of the world all years and recently affected one of the major conilon coffee-producing regions of the world in state of Espírito Santo, which caused a huge crisis in the sector. Therefore, the objective of this study was to conduct an analysis with technical-scientific basis of the real impact of drought associated with high temperatures and irradiances on the conilon coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner) plantations located in the north, northwest, and northeast regions of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Data from 2010 to 2016 of rainfall, air temperature, production, yield, planted area and surface remote sensing were obtained from different sources, statistically analyzed, and correlated. The 2015/2016 season was the most affected by the drought and high temperatures (mean annual above 26 °C) because, in addition to the adverse weather conditions, coffee plants were already damaged by the climatic conditions of the previous season. The increase in air temperature has higher impact (negative) on production than the decrease in annual precipitation. The average annual air temperatures in the two harvest seasons that stood out for the lowest yields (i.e. 2012/2013 and 2015/2016) were approximately 1 °C higher than in the previous seasons. In addition, in the 2015/2016 season, the average annual air temperature was the highest in the entire series. The spatial and temporal distribution of Enhanced Vegetation Index values enabled the detection and perception of droughts in the conilon coffee-producing regions of Espírito Santo. The rainfall volume accumulated in the periods from September to December and from April to August are the ones that most affect coffee yield. The conilon coffee plantations in these regions are susceptible to new climate extremes, as they continue to be managed under irrigation and full sun. The adoption of agroforestry systems and construction of small reservoirs can be useful to alleviate these climate effects, reducing the risk of coffee production losses and contributing to the sustainability of crops in Espírito Santo.

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“…In six experiments, shade impacted positively both growth and productivity of robusta coffee (Table 1). Nevertheless, Venancio et al (2019) found that shade reduced the average number of fruits per inflorescence, suggesting that vegetative growth may compete with fruit production. However, this might not necessarily reduce yield, as no study was found in which shade significantly reduced robusta yield.…”

Section: Effect Of Shade Trees On Robusta Growth and Productivity Parameters Without Interacting Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this might not necessarily reduce yield, as no study was found in which shade significantly reduced robusta yield. Furthermore, Venancio et al (2019) showed that medium shade levels (i.e. 30-50%) may increase the proportion of cherries that are marketable.…”

Section: Effect Of Shade Trees On Robusta Growth and Productivity Parameters Without Interacting Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In five out of 30 experiments, the effect of shade trees on coffee growth and productivity interacted with other variables, namely cultivar (Assis et al 2019;Rodriguez-Lopez et al 2013;Venancio et al 2019), location suitability (Amoah et al 1997) and pollination type (Prado et al 2018). However, most frequently, the type of robusta clone interacted with shade level (Assis et al 2019;Venancio et al 2019). The amount of shade required to obtain the maximum robusta growth and productivity varied according to the type of clone tested (Table 2).…”

Section: Effect Of Shade Trees On Robusta Growth and Productivity Parameters With Interacting Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of shade trees on robusta coffee growth, yield and quality. A meta-analysis

Piato

Lefort

Subía

et al. 2020

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Productivity of coffee plantations is threatened by both climate change and decreasing revenues of coffee growers. Using shade trees might protect against temperature variability, erosion and excessive radiation but there may be trade-offs in productivity and quality. While impacts of shade trees on arabica (Coffea arabica) have been reviewed, a global synthesis on robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee is lacking. We assessed how shade affects robusta growth and productivity, and what are the interactions and trade-offs. We conducted a systematic literature search in Web of Science and CAB Abstracts on 16 December 2019. Thirty papers fulfilled our inclusion criteria of being experimental studies on the impact of overstory trees with approximately half being from Brazil or India. Shade improved robusta tree growth and yield with some contrasting effects on physicochemical and biochemical properties. Shade (> 30%) was associated with reduced beverage quality. Significant interactions between shade and location, rainfall level and robusta clone were found. Among the clones tested, 06V, C153, LB1, GG229 and JM2 showed a higher productivity and growth (from + 17 to + 280%) under moderate shade (41–65%). This is the first meta-analysis of the effects of shade on robusta coffee. By synthesizing data from different studies, we highlight for the first time that the effect of shade on robusta coffee depends on tree age. Shade had positive impacts on older robusta trees (mean of 16 years), while the impact of shade on younger trees was either insignificant or negative. We highlight the importance of both clone type and tree ages. Research gaps included a lack of knowledge on the effects of shade with respect to coffee and shade tree age as well as interactive effects. More in-depth studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of how shade trees affect robusta coffee.

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Vegetative growth and yield of robusta coffee genotypes cultivated under different shading levels

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

No Reduction in Yield of Young Robusta Coffee When Grown under Shade Trees in Ecuadorian Amazonia

No Reduction in Yield of Young Robusta Coffee When Grown under Shade Trees in Ecuadorian Amazonia

Impact of drought associated with high temperatures on Coffea canephora plantations: a case study in Espírito Santo State, Brazil

Effects of shade trees on robusta coffee growth, yield and quality. A meta-analysis

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